What is the best way to treat cerebral hemorrhage?

Cerebral hemorrhage is a disease in which the human brain bleeds. It is more common in the elderly. As the various body functions of the elderly gradually decline, it is easy to cause diseases such as cerebral hemorrhage. High blood pressure or high blood lipids can also easily lead to cerebral hemorrhage. There are many ways to treat cerebral hemorrhage. It can be treated through surgery, and the body's blood and blood lipids need to be controlled.

Cerebral hemorrhage treatment

The principles of treatment are quiet bed rest, dehydration to reduce intracranial pressure, adjustment of blood pressure, prevention of continued bleeding, and enhanced care to maintain vital functions. Prevent and treat complications to save lives, reduce mortality and disability rates, and reduce recurrences.

1. Generally, you should rest in bed for 2 to 4 weeks, keep quiet, and avoid emotional excitement and high blood pressure. Closely observe vital signs such as temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure, and pay attention to pupil changes and changes in consciousness.

2. Keep the airway open and clear respiratory secretions or inhaled materials. If necessary, perform tracheal intubation or endotracheal intubation in time; patients with impaired consciousness or gastrointestinal bleeding should fast for 24 to 48 hours, and the gastric contents should be emptied if necessary.

3. Water, electrolyte balance and nutrition. The daily fluid intake can be calculated as urine volume + 500 ml. If there is high fever, sweating, or vomiting, maintain the central venous pressure at 5-12 mmHg. Pay attention to prevent water and electrolyte disorders to avoid aggravating cerebral edema. Supplement sodium, potassium, carbohydrates and calories every day, and give fat emulsion injection (fat emulsion), human serum albumin, amino acids or energy mixtures when necessary.

4. Adjust blood sugar. If blood sugar is too high or too low, it should be corrected in time to maintain the blood sugar level between 6 and 9 mmol/L.

5. For those with obvious headaches and excessive irritability, sedatives and analgesics may be given as appropriate; those with constipation may use laxatives.

6. Reduce intracranial pressure. Brain edema after cerebral hemorrhage reaches a peak in about 48 hours, lasts for 3 to 5 days, and then gradually subsides, and may last for 2 to 3 weeks or longer. Cerebral edema can increase intracranial pressure and cause brain herniation, which is the main factor affecting the mortality and functional recovery of cerebral hemorrhage. Actively controlling cerebral edema and reducing intracranial pressure are important parts of the acute treatment of cerebral hemorrhage.

7. Generally speaking, when the condition is serious and causes high intracranial pressure and brain herniation, and conservative medical treatment is ineffective, surgical treatment should be performed in a timely manner.

8. Rehabilitation treatment: After cerebral hemorrhage, as long as the patient's vital signs are stable and the condition is no longer progressing, rehabilitation treatment should be started as soon as possible. Early staged comprehensive rehabilitation treatment is beneficial to restoring patients' neurological function and improving their quality of life.

Focus on preventing complications. Common complications include bedsores, urinary tract infections, pneumonia, limb deformities, skin burns, etc. Careful care should be provided under the guidance of a doctor to prevent the occurrence of complications.

Continue with rehabilitation training. The main symptoms of patients with sequelae of cerebral hemorrhage are generally limb paralysis, language and intellectual disabilities. Therefore, rehabilitation training should be insisted on to prevent disuse atrophy of muscles and joint stiffness in patients. The same goes for language and intelligence training.