What are the precautions for injecting polio vaccine

Parents with babies at home know that when the baby is two months old, he or she must go to the hospital to get the polio vaccine, which is used to prevent polio. Poliomyelitis is an acute infectious disease caused by a virus. Once infected, the patient will have fever and general discomfort. In severe cases, there will be limb pain and even paralysis. Currently, there are two types of polio vaccines in my country, one is commonly known as a sugar pill, and the other is an injection. Many parents are confused when choosing which vaccine to give their babies. Which polio vaccine is better and what to pay attention to.

1. Precautions for polio vaccine

If you have fever, abnormally weak constitution, severe rickets, active tuberculosis or other serious illnesses, or have diarrhea 4 times a day within 1 week, you should temporarily suspend taking the medicine. HIV infection, dysgammaglobulinemia, lymphoma, leukemia, extensive malignant lesions and other immunodeficiencies (such as taking corticosteroids, anticancer drugs, immunosuppressive drugs or receiving radiation, etc.) are contraindicated.

1. It is best to stop sucking breast milk within half an hour after taking the vaccine (milk or other milk substitutes can be used), otherwise the antibodies in the breast milk will neutralize (kill) the vaccine and affect its effectiveness.

2. If vomiting occurs while taking the medicine, you should take it again.

3. There are generally no adverse reactions after taking the medicine, only a few mild gastrointestinal symptoms.

4. People with high fever, impaired immunity, or those who are taking corticosteroids or anti-cancer drugs should not take the myelitis vaccine.

5. For those with contraindications, 0.3 ml/kg body weight of immunoglobulin can be injected once a day for 2-3 consecutive days.

6. Once the disease occurs, you should go to the hospital for isolation and treatment in time, report to the health and epidemic prevention station, disinfect the epidemic site, and place close contacts under medical observation for 20 days. Those who have not taken the vaccine or have taken incomplete vaccines should take them immediately.

2. Which polio vaccine is better?

In accordance with the requirements of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, a new polio vaccine immunization strategy was implemented nationwide starting May 1, 2016. The previously used small white sugar pills (trivalent live attenuated polio vaccine tOPV) were all discontinued and replaced by bivalent live attenuated polio vaccine (bOPV, drops), and the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV, injection) was included in the national immunization program. That is, the polio vaccination program has been adjusted to: one dose of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) at two months of age; one dose of bivalent live attenuated polio vaccine (bOPV) each at three months, four months, and four years of age.

The vaccine switch does not mean that the small sugar pills used previously have problems or are ineffective, but that in extremely rare cases, taking sugar pills may cause vaccine-associated paralytic polio and vaccine-derived virus cases in children with poor immunity.

Adjusting the polio immunization strategy is an important step in the ultimate global goal of eradicating polio. The implementation of this strategy will not only help reduce the occurrence of cases related to live attenuated polio vaccines, but also effectively reduce the risk of importing and spreading wild polio viruses.

Therefore, parents only need to vaccinate their babies on time according to the new polio immunization strategy, and at the same time they should pay attention to the various contraindications and precautions during vaccination.