What causes split personality disorder

In the TV series "Seven", there is a male protagonist who has seven personalities. According to medical research, this is a case of split personality disorder. In fact, in real life, this is indeed a common disease and a personal psychological problem. It is mainly caused by early life experiences, which have a huge impact on the patient's body and mind. This leads to multiple personalities due to the conflict between the mental and psychological aspects. People with this disease are extremely irritable and it is difficult for them to be quiet. They often have multiple personalities involuntarily, which is incomprehensible. They need to receive treatment as soon as possible, otherwise it will not only affect the individual's psychology, but may even lead to social impact in the future.

Causes

The long interval between early life experiences and the diagnosis of personality disorders in adulthood has made relevant research difficult. Due to the lack of scientific research, the theories that have been established so far are based on retrospective narratives of the adult stage or on psychoanalytic explanations. These theories are also proposed below in the discussion of etiology because of their recent influence, but there is no evidence to support these views. Although psychoanalytic theory has some shortcomings from a scientific point of view, most clinicians still agree that childhood experiences have a certain etiological connection with personality disorders. A generally accepted good practice is to evaluate childhood experiences and use common sense to determine whether any childhood experiences may have led to the development of an abnormal personality. For example, repeated and forceful rejection by parents may explain a patient's lack of self-esteem.

So far, little is known about the causes of paranoid personality disorder. Some researchers have reported that paranoid personality disorder is more common in the general relatives of schizophrenia probands than in the general population, but other researchers have not confirmed this finding. Camcron proposed that one of the core characteristics of this disorder is lack of trust, which is caused by a long-term lack of family affection and protection. But this concept has not yet been recognized.

Prognosis

Personality disorders are defined as lifelong, persistent conditions and thus are expected to show little change. There is currently little reliable evidence about its outcome. A review of the follow-up studies showed that only two of them had a follow-up period of more than 4 years. These studies varied widely in their sample collection and assessment methods, and most had fairly small sample sizes.

treat

There are two main types of treatment: psychotherapy and biomedical treatment. Some societies also choose to improve patients' symptoms through family and social help.

For most personality disorders, psychotherapy, including insight therapy and behavioral therapy, each of which can be further divided into many different types, has been compared with brief dynamic psychotherapy and brief psychotherapy directed at enhancing adaptability, both of which are better than no intervention, and there is no difference between the two treatments. Although psychotherapy has achieved good short-term efficacy, the efficacy assessment is based on the impact on self-harm rather than a direct assessment of personality disorders, and there is no long-term follow-up. However, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder does not respond satisfactorily to psychotherapy. Unskillful treatment may lead to excessive morbid introspection, making the patient's condition worse rather than better. Treatment should be directed toward avoiding situations that increase the patient's distress and developing ways to better cope with stressful situations. Patients often seek help during a comorbid depressive disorder, and there is a need to recognize and treat this comorbid condition.

For drug treatment, antidepressants can be taken. Early reports showed that antipsychotic drugs were effective, but subsequent studies did not confirm this conclusion and further research is needed to prove it.