Is cleft lip hereditary? Through what inheritance

Cleft lip is a hereditary disease. Due to its special onset and congenital factors, many patients with cleft lip need surgical treatment in the early stages of the disease. However, some patients' conditions also involve hereditary factors and gene mutations. Some causes of cleft lip require clear diagnostic examinations and selection of appropriate treatment methods. This process is very important and can promptly determine the progression of the disease.

Cleft lip, commonly known as "hare lip", is the most common congenital malformation of the oral and maxillofacial region. Clinically, cleft lip refers to a cleft upper lip. Because cleft lip is hereditary, many people are very concerned about the inheritance probability of cleft lip. Is its inheritance probability high? Now let's listen to the professionals' introduction to the specific inheritance probability!

According to medical evidence

Cleft lip is mainly caused by abnormal fetal development due to long-term smoking and alcoholism during pregnancy. But to some extent, it may also be caused by polygenic inheritance.

Cleft lip is an autosomal recessive gene. It does not cause deformities in every generation, and the chance of inheriting cleft lip is not very high. Only when apparently healthy parents carry this recessive gene, there is a one-fourth chance that their children will have cleft lip. One-half of the children appear healthy but carry this gene, and only one-quarter of the children are healthy. If one of the parents has cleft lip, half of the next generation of children will have cleft lip deformity and the other half will carry the disease-causing gene.

In clinical practice

The fetus receives one chromosome from each parent, and deformities will only occur when both are recessive genes. Cleft lip is an autosomal recessive inheritance, which does not show deformity in every generation. Only when apparently healthy parents carry the disease-causing gene, will 1/4 of their children develop cleft lip, 1/2 of the children appear healthy but actually carry the disease-causing gene, and only 1/4 of the children are healthy. The incidence of simultaneous occurrence among siblings is 2% to 4%.

If one of the parents carries the disease-causing gene and the other is healthy, then the next generation of children will not have cleft lip, but 1/2 of the children will carry the disease-causing gene. If one parent has cleft lip and the other is healthy, half of the next generation of children will be deformed and the other half will carry the disease-causing gene. If both parents have cleft lip, then the next generation of children will also have cleft lip. There are slightly more males than females with cleft lip, with the male to female ratio being approximately 1.5:1.