There is a small bump outside the anus

The symptom of a small lump outside the anus is mainly caused by hemorrhoids, and it may also be caused by anorectal diseases. It is recommended that you should pay attention to the hygiene of the anus. Hemorrhoids are caused by getting angry. We should eat more foods that reduce fire and apply hemorrhoid ointment. Now let us understand the causes of small bumps outside the anus.

1. The reason why there is a small fleshy lump outside the anus

1. Anatomical reasons

When the person is standing or sitting, intravenous injection is given to the prevalent obstruction in the lower part of the anus and rectum due to the compressed gravity and viscera. The rectal vein and its branches lack venous valves, so blood is difficult to recover and prone to stagnation.

Its blood vessels are arranged in a special way and pass through the muscular layer at different heights, which makes them easily compressed by fecal matter, affecting blood return. The veins pass through the loose tissue of the submucosal layer and lack stent fixation around them, making them prone to expansion and buckling.

2. Genetic relationship

The venous walls are congenitally weak and have reduced resistance, and cannot withstand the pressure within the blood vessels, so they gradually expand.

3. Professional relationship

Standing or sitting for a long time, or carrying heavy loads for a long time while walking long distances, will affect venous return, slow down blood flow in the pelvis and cause congestion of abdominal organs, leading to excessive filling of hemorrhoidal veins, decreased tension of venous walls, and easy dilation of blood vessels due to congestion.

Lack of exercise, reduced intestinal motility, slow downward movement of stool, or habitual constipation can compress and stimulate the veins, causing local congestion and blood reflux disorders, causing hemorrhoidal venous pressure and reducing venous wall resistance.

4. Local irritation and improper diet

Exposure to cold or heat in the anus, constipation, diarrhea, excessive drinking and eating spicy food can all irritate the anus and rectum, causing congestion in the hemorrhoidal venous plexus, affecting venous blood return and resulting in a decrease in the resistance of the venous wall.

5. Increased anal venous pressure

Cirrhosis, liver congestion and incomplete compensation of cardiac function can all cause congestion and increased pressure in the anal veins, affecting the return of blood in the rectal veins.

6. Increased intra-abdominal pressure

Intra-abdominal tumors, uterine tumors, ovarian tumors, prostate hypertrophy, pregnancy, overeating or sitting on the toilet for too long can all increase intra-abdominal pressure and hinder venous blood return.

2. Treatment of a pimple near the anus

1. Non-surgical treatment

Asymptomatic hemorrhoids do not require treatment; symptomatic hemorrhoids do not require radical treatment; non-surgical treatment is the main treatment.

(1) General treatment

For most early hemorrhoids, including thrombosis and incarcerated hemorrhoids. Pay attention to your diet, avoid alcohol and spicy foods, increase fiber foods, eat more fruits and vegetables, drink plenty of water, change bad bowel habits, keep bowel movements smooth, take laxatives when necessary, and clean the anus.

For prolapsed hemorrhoids, be careful to gently push the hemorrhoids back with your hands to prevent them from falling out again. Avoid sitting or standing for long periods of time, do appropriate exercise, take a sitz bath in warm water (which may contain potassium permanganate) before going to bed, etc.

(2) Local medication treatment

It has been widely used, and the medicines include suppositories, ointments and lotions, most of which contain Chinese herbal ingredients.

(3) Oral medication

Drugs are usually used to treat varicose veins.

(4) Injection therapy

It is more effective for grade I and II bleeding internal hemorrhoids; the sclerosant is injected around the venous plexus in the submucosal layer to cause inflammatory reaction and fibrosis, thereby compressing and closing the varicose veins; the treatment can be repeated after 1 month to avoid injecting the sclerosant into the mucosal layer and causing necrosis.

(5) Physical therapy

Laser therapy, cryotherapy, direct current therapy and copper ion electrochemical therapy, microwave thermocoagulation therapy, and infrared coagulation therapy are less commonly used.

(6) Rubber band ligation

The root of the hemorrhoids is ligated to block its blood supply and cause the hemorrhoids to fall off and necrotize. It is suitable for II and III degree internal hemorrhoids, and is more suitable for giant internal hemorrhoids and fibrotic internal hemorrhoids.

2. Surgery

(1) Indications for surgery

Conservative treatment is ineffective, hemorrhoids are severely prolapsed, large fibrotic internal hemorrhoids, injections and other treatments are not effective, and there are anal fissures, anal fistulas, etc.;

(2) Surgical principles

Reset the prolapsed anal cushion through surgery and preserve the structure of the anal cushion as much as possible, so as to minimize the impact on the ability to control bowel movements after surgery;

(3) Preoperative preparation

When there are ulcers or infections on the surface of internal hemorrhoids, first perform conservative treatment such as laxatives and warm water sitz baths, and then perform surgery after the ulcers heal; do intestinal preparation.

(4) Surgical method

① Thrombosed external hemorrhoidectomy is suitable for patients whose pain does not ease or the swelling does not shrink after conservative treatment of thrombosed external hemorrhoids.

② Traditional hemorrhoidectomy is external peeling and internal ligation.

③Hemorrhoidectomy (Whitehead procedure) is a classic procedure in textbooks, which can easily lead to anal stenosis and is rarely used in clinical practice.

④PPH surgery: hemorrhoidal rectal mucosal circumcision and stapling with stapler.

(5) Postoperative treatment

Observe for any complications, pay attention to diet, and keep bowel movements smooth.