What are the symptoms of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a difficult and complicated disease in the current medical community. If the pathological attack is rescued in time, the patient can save his life. If the attack lasts for a long time and is not rescued, the patient may develop many complications and may even be at risk of hemiplegia. The patient's main symptoms are fever, thrombocytopenic purpura, and symptoms of hemolytic anemia. If the condition worsens, the patient's nerves may be affected, and severe cases may cause infarction. In this regard, what we need to understand is the treatment method of the disease.

1. Fever: More than 90% of patients have fever, which can occur at different stages of the disease and is mostly of moderate severity. The cause is unknown, but it may be related to the following factors: ① secondary infection, but negative blood culture results; ② hypothalamic temperature regulation dysfunction; ③ tissue necrosis; ④ release of hemolytic products; ⑤ antigen-antibody reaction causes damage to macrophages and granulocytes and releases endogenous pyrogens.

2. Changes in the nervous system: including headaches, mental changes, local motor or sensory defects, blurred vision and even coma. The symptoms are characterized by changing unpredictable patterns, which are transient in the early stages. Some patients can improve and the condition can recur. The variability of neurological manifestations is one of the characteristics of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and its severity often determines the prognosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

3. Bleeding caused by thrombocytopenia: mainly on the skin and mucous membranes, manifested as petechiae, ecchymosis or purpura, nosebleed, retinal hemorrhage, genital urinary tract and gastrointestinal bleeding, and in severe cases, intracranial hemorrhage, the degree of which varies depending on the degree of thrombocytopenia.

4. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia: anemia of varying degrees. About half of the cases present with jaundice, 20% with hepatosplenomegaly, and in a few cases with Raynaud's phenomenon.

5. Kidney damage: Gross hematuria is uncommon. In severe cases, acute renal failure may occur due to renal cortical necrosis.