What are the nursing methods for thromboangiitis obliterans?

Thromboangiitis obliterans is currently a difficult and complicated disease in clinical practice. It is mainly a vasculitis caused by thrombosis and occlusion. If it is not treated for a long time, it will cause the condition to worsen and there may even be a risk of some complications. Therefore, everyone should have relevant knowledge and understanding of this, especially in clinical care and prevention of the disease. We must have timely understanding and reasonable control, and correctly understand the risks that the existence of the disease brings to our body.

1. Preoperative care

1. Psychological care Due to limb pain and tissue ischemia and necrosis, patients experience pain and depression. Medical staff encourage and comfort patients, mobilize their subjective initiative to overcome the disease, and make them actively cooperate with treatment and care.

2. Quitting smoking In the treatment of this disease, quitting smoking is the basis of all treatment methods. Therefore, the patient should be informed in detail about the harmful effects of smoking and be informed that smoking is absolutely prohibited.

3. Pain care exercise therapy can promote the establishment of collateral circulation in the affected limb and has a certain effect on relieving pain. When the pain is severe, appropriate analgesics may be used temporarily as appropriate, but drug addiction should be avoided. At the same time, psychological care is provided to improve the patient's tolerance to pain.

4. Functional exercise: Instruct patients to perform Buerger exercises to promote the establishment of collateral circulation. medical. Encourage patients to walk for exercise and use the occurrence of pain as an indicator of activity level. It is not advisable to exercise in the following situations: when ulcers and necrosis occur in the legs, exercise will increase tissue oxygen consumption; when arterial or venous thrombosis occurs, exercise may cause the thrombus to detach and cause embolism.

5. Preoperative preparation should follow routine preoperative care for vascular surgery.

2. Postoperative Care

1. Perform routine postoperative care after general anesthesia or epidural anesthesia.

2. Position: The affected limb should be placed flat after surgery. After vascular reconstruction, the patient should be bedridden for 1 week. After arterial vascular reconstruction, the patient should be bedridden for 2 weeks. If the autologous vascular transplant heals well, the bedridden time can be shortened appropriately.

3. Observe the patient's condition: Observe blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, respiratory vital signs; observe the skin temperature, color, sensation and pulse strength of the distal end of the affected limb to determine the patency of the blood vessels. Observe the patient's wound condition. If the wound is found to be red or swollen, it should be treated as soon as possible, and antibiotics should be used reasonably according to the doctor's advice to prevent infection.

4. Functional exercise: Patients who are bedridden should be encouraged to do dorsiflexion and extension exercises in bed to facilitate blood return in the deep veins of the calves.