What is Down Syndrome Trisomy 21?

Down syndrome is Down syndrome. The birth knowledge of this type of children is very different from that of healthy children. They often have special facial features, or intellectual development disorders, movement disorders and other adverse conditions.

1. Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is also called congenital idiocy or Down syndrome. It is usually caused by the non-disjunction of chromosome 21 during the meiosis of the egg cell. Down syndrome is an incurable disease. Patients can usually be diagnosed at birth. Early intervention is the sooner the better for such children. Currently, the available treatment options include multivitamins, trace elements, hormones; cell therapy and fetal sheep brain injection;

?2. The symptoms of this type of children: obvious special facial features, such as wide-set eyes, low nose root, small palpebral fissures, upward slanted eyes, epicanthus, small external ears, fat tongue that often sticks out of the mouth, and excessive drooling. He is short in stature, with a smaller head circumference than normal, short front and back diameters of the head, and a flat head with a flat occipital region. Short neck and loose skin. Bone age often lags behind age, and tooth eruption is delayed and often misaligned. The hair is fine and sparse. The anterior fontanelle closes late, and a third fontanelle may appear in the midline of the parietal-occipital area. The limbs are short. Due to loose ligaments, the joints can bend excessively. The fingers are thick and short. The middle phalanx of the little finger is underdeveloped, causing the little finger to bend inward. The phalanges are short, and the trifurcation of the palm is displaced distally. It is common to see through palm lines and straw sandal feet. About half of the children have arched skin lines on the ball of the big toe.

3. Treatment

Since children have low immunity, they should pay attention to preventing infection. If accompanied by congenital heart disease, gastrointestinal tract or other malformations, surgical correction may be considered.