How to distinguish between pseudomyopia and true myopia?

Among children and adolescents, many people's myopia is false, which can be restored through reasonable adjustment of vision, but it is necessary to distinguish between false myopia and true myopia in time. The cloud method and mydriasis method can be used, and false myopia prevention should be done in daily life.

1. How to distinguish true from false myopia?

1: Cloud and fog method

First, let the patient wear a convex lens with a higher degree and look at the eye chart 5 meters away. This can relax the patient's ciliary muscles that are in spasm and eliminate the accommodative effect. Patients may experience blurred vision at first, but after a few minutes, vision will become clearer. Later, gradually reduce the power of the convex lens (when changing lenses, the second lens must be put on before the first lens can be removed). If the vision returns to normal or is significantly improved compared to before the test when it is reduced to a plain lens with no power, it proves that it is pseudomyopia, or partial pseudomyopia exists.

2: Mydriasis

Generally, teenagers under the age of 14 have too strong accommodation ability, so they often use the method of dilation of the pupil to paralyze the accommodation for eye examination. Use 1%-2% atropine to dilate the pupil, twice a day for 3-4 days. For those over 14 years old, 2% homatropine eye drops can be used, once every 10 minutes, for a total of 4-6 times; rapid mydriatic tropicamide eye drops can also be used, once every 5 minutes, for a total of 3-4 times. If the vision after dilation is better than before dilation, or has returned to normal vision, it means that there is a component of pseudomyopia, or it is completely pseudomyopia.

2. How should children and adolescents prevent and treat pseudomyopia?

1. Maintain a scientific eye posture: Children and teenagers should keep their eyes more than 33 cm away from books and pens when reading and writing, and maintain a correct sitting posture. They should not read while lying down or walking, and should not read in poor light.

2. Pay attention to eye rest and insist on doing eye exercises: Children and teenagers should look into the distance for a while after every hour of study, at least 10-15 minutes each time, and at least 3 times a day to relieve eye fatigue. In addition, children and teenagers should develop the habit of doing eye exercises to relieve the tension of their ciliary muscles and eliminate eyestrain. Eye exercises can be done 4-6 times a day.

3. Maintain a balanced nutrition: Children and adolescents should eat more coarse grains, vegetables, fruits, soy products and other foods to prevent pseudomyopia. For children and adolescents who have already suffered from pseudomyopia, in addition to eating the above-mentioned foods regularly, they can also eat more nuts, wolfberries and other foods to increase the intake of various vitamins and minerals.

We have a preliminary understanding of true and false myopia, and we should pay attention to our living habits to prevent the occurrence of false myopia.