What are the symptoms of pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension can easily lead to right heart failure, which is actually an independent disease and may also cause other complications. The most obvious manifestation is that patients are prone to difficulty breathing, fatigue, or syncope and angina pectoris.

1. Difficulty breathing

The earliest to appear, and the most common. Symptoms include shortness of breath after sexual activity, and in severe cases, it may also occur while at rest.

2. Fatigue, weakness, and decreased exercise tolerance are related to reduced cardiac output and insufficient tissue perfusion.

3. Fainting

Decreased cardiac output leads to insufficient blood supply to the brain.

4. Angina or chest pain

It is caused by right heart ischemia, which is related to right ventricular hypertrophy, reduced coronary artery perfusion, and relative myocardial blood supply insufficiency.

5. Hemoptysis

Caused by rupture of pulmonary precapillary microaneurysm.

6. Hoarseness

It is caused by pulmonary artery dilation compressing the recurrent laryngeal nerve.

7. Symptoms of right heart failure

Lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal distension and pain, edema of both lower limbs, perineum, and lumbar sacral region, pleural effusion and ascites, cyanosis of the lips, fingertips, and auricles, and neurological symptoms, etc.

8. Some types of pulmonary hypertension may also present with symptoms of the underlying disease

For example, connective tissue disease-related pulmonary hypertension may cause hair loss, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, arthritis, etc.