What causes cerebral vascular malformation

The malformation of the southern blood vessels is also called hemangioma, but this is not a tumor disease. Generally, vascular malformations are caused by congenital developmental abnormalities. If this disease is discovered, it needs to be treated promptly to minimize the damage.

Cerebrovascular malformation, also known as hemangioma, is not a true tumor. It is a congenital abnormality of cerebral vascular development. There are many types clinically, among which arteriovenous malformation is the most common. According to the size of the diameter of the abnormal vascular mass, it is clinically divided into large, medium and small lesions. This disease is more common in men and young people. There are many treatment methods, among which surgical removal of the source of the disease is the most ideal. Intravascular interventional therapy and gamma knife therapy is a new treatment method.

Causes

1. Arteriovenous malformation

It is divided into two types: typical and great vein of Galen malformation. In addition to space occupation and compression, blood steal is also an important cause of clinical symptoms. There is obvious intracranial vascular bruit. Hydrocephalus may occur in infancy. The mortality rate is very high, about 50% death. For those with a small blood shunt volume, heart failure is milder and there may be repeated transient hemiplegia. Treatment is difficult and staged surgery can be performed.

2. Congenital intracranial saccular aneurysm

It is less common in children. It mainly occurs at the right branch of the internal carotid artery at the base of the skull, the anterior and posterior communicating arteries, or the vertebral basilar artery. The local elastic layer and muscular layer of the artery become weakened and protrude into a tumor, which is usually less than 1 cm in size.

3. Venous hemangioma

It is relatively common, often occurring in the cerebral hemispheres, and is more common in older children. Neuroimaging shows vascular malformations ranging from 1 mm to several cm in diameter, with about 15% having calcification.

4. Cavernous hemangioma

It is often found in the cerebral hemispheres and is densely packed with thin-walled blood vessels. It is often asymptomatic in childhood and is discovered incidentally. Symptoms usually appear in older children or adults, mainly epilepsy, headache, and cerebral hemorrhage. Common familial cases, dominant inheritance. Similar cavernous hemangiomas can also be seen in the retina, liver, kidney, and skin.