Body position after cranial surgery

If a person has a more serious cranial disease, cranial surgery is required to treat it fundamentally. The brain is an important organ in the human body. If any problems occur during the operation, the patient's overall health will be harmed. And after cranial surgery, patients should also pay attention to physical recovery. What is the body recovery position after cranial surgery?

Postoperative care for craniotomy

1. Prevention of infection care after cranial surgery

1.1. Patients who undergo craniotomy for brain trauma need nursing staff to provide preventive care for surgical incision infection because the surgical site is relatively special and the trauma area is large. Nursing staff should disinfect and change the dressings on the injured area regularly every day, and observe whether there are any abnormal conditions in the wound and the wound healing status. If the wound becomes red, swollen, infected, etc., effective measures must be taken immediately to deal with it.

1.2. Since patients who undergo craniotomy for brain trauma need to stay in bed for a long time after surgery and cannot move independently, nursing staff need to help patients with basic nursing and skin care every day, turn them over and pat their backs, massage the pressure areas, and prevent patients from developing bedsores. Keeping the bed unit clean, dry and flat and replacing the bed unit regularly are also important links in preventing infection. Ozone disinfection should be carried out twice a day in the ward, and windows should be opened regularly for ventilation to maintain indoor air circulation.

1.3. Medical staff must strictly follow aseptic techniques when providing care to patients, strictly disinfect the equipment, instruments and tools used, and disinfect themselves. Manage the number of people entering and leaving the ward, limit the number and time that family members and other people enter the ward, and prevent various risk factors that may induce infection.

2. Respiratory tract care after craniocerebral surgery

2.1. Perform oral hygiene care on the patient regularly every day. Use normal saline or oral hygiene products to clean the mouth at least twice a day to keep the mouth clean and odor-free. Provide good respiratory care to prevent bacterial invasion.

2.2 Provide tracheotomy care to patients on a regular basis every day to prevent incision infection.

2.3. Nebulized inhalation of drugs or tracheal instillation can be used to keep the airway moist and dilute sputum. The drugs mainly used are gentamicin, mucosolvan, dexamethasone and other drugs plus normal saline. Patients with sputum need to have their sputum suctioned in time to help clear their respiratory tract and prevent lung infections.

3. Nursing care for close attention to vital signs after craniocerebral surgery

3.1. Closely observe changes in consciousness, pupil pressure and vital signs every 30 minutes to 1 hour.

3.2 After surgery, the patient should be placed in an observation room with emergency facilities or an ICU ward with monitoring equipment.

3.3. Postoperative body position: For patients with normal blood pressure and clear consciousness, the head of the bed can be raised 15° to 30° to reduce intracranial congestion and cerebral edema. Those who have not yet awakened from general anesthesia should lie flat with their heads tilted to one side and should be cared for by a dedicated person until they awaken.

3.4. Observe closely for signs of postoperative intracranial hematoma. Postoperative hematoma usually occurs within 6 to 24 hours after surgery, so close monitoring is required during this period.

3.5. Observe the bleeding and exudation of the incision, pay attention to whether there is cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and replace the external dressing in time to prevent contamination.

3.6. Keep the airway open and take good care of the skin to prevent bedsores.

3.7. Keep all drainage tubes unobstructed, strictly follow aseptic techniques, and prevent retrograde infection.

3.8. Reasonable nutrition and prevention of constipation.

Dietary considerations after cranial surgery

1. Brain tumor patients cannot eat immediately after surgery. Instead, they should wait until they wake up from anesthesia and 6 hours later, when the patient's swallowing function has recovered, before they can eat a small amount of liquid food, and then slowly switch to soft food. In addition, patients who remain in a coma and cannot swallow for 24 hours after surgery should be fed through nasogastric feeding. Issues that should be paid attention to during nasogastric feeding include: eating small meals frequently; the diet should be high in calories, protein, nutrition and salt; the temperature should be controlled at 38-40℃; the head of the bed should be raised by 15°-30°; the gastric tube should be prevented from coming out; and before feeding, it should be proved that the nasogastric tube is indeed in the stomach.

2. After the operation, the patient's gastrointestinal function has not yet recovered. At this time, he should try to drink less milk and eat less sugar and other gas-producing foods to avoid intestinal bloating. If brown liquid is drawn out during the examination, it indicates that there is bleeding in the digestive tract. At this time, you should temporarily fast or infuse ice liquid and then eat after the bleeding stops.

3. The diet after brain tumor surgery should be guaranteed to contain sufficient vitamins. The vitamins absorbed daily should not only meet normal physiological needs, but also have sufficient storage in the body.