How to treat sequelae of cerebral hemorrhage

Cerebral hemorrhage, what a terrible word. I felt terrified when I heard these three words. I feel like the god of death is waving at me not far away. This disease greatly increases the suffering of patients, causing them to become unable to move, be bedridden, or even directly die. Many people are looking for treatment methods, but you cannot take medicine blindly, otherwise it will be too late to regret. So how to treat the sequelae of cerebral hemorrhage?

Cerebral hemorrhage refers to non-traumatic bleeding in the brain parenchyma. The vast majority of cases are caused by rupture of cerebral arteriole lesions associated with hypertension when blood pressure suddenly rises, which is called hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.

【treat】

1. Treatment principles: reduce intracranial pressure and control cerebral edema to prevent brain herniation, and lower elevated blood pressure to prevent further bleeding.

2. Conventional treatment

(I) General treatment: ① Keep quiet and stay in bed. Emergency treatment should be carried out locally. Long-distance transportation and excessive movement should be avoided to avoid aggravating bleeding.

② Keep the respiratory tract open and remove oral secretions or vomit at any time. Give oxygen appropriately, preferably intermittently;

③Maintain nutrition and water and electrolyte balance.

(ii) Control cerebral edema and reduce intracranial pressure;

(III) Controlling high blood pressure and lowering elevated blood pressure are important measures to prevent further bleeding, but blood pressure should not be lowered too low to prevent insufficient blood supply. Generally, it is best to maintain it at 20.0￣21.3/12.0￣13.3kpa (150￣160/90￣100mmhg);

(iv) Hemostatics and coagulants have no effect on cerebral hemorrhage, but they can still be used if there is concurrent gastrointestinal bleeding or coagulation disorders;

(V) Prevention and treatment of complications. Critically ill patients should receive special basic care, with regular and gentle changes of body position, attention to keeping the skin dry and clean, and prevention of bedsores and lung infections. Paralyzed limbs should be kept in functional positions, massaged and passively exercised to prevent joint contractures.

3. Surgical treatment

4. The combination of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and massage therapy has certain effects on treatment and rehabilitation.

【prevention】

Patients with hypertension should control their blood pressure under the guidance of a doctor and avoid factors that may induce high blood pressure, such as drastic changes, full meals, strenuous activities, straining during bowel movements, and sexual intercourse. If you experience severe posterior headache or neck pain, movement and sensory disorders, dizziness or syncope, nosebleeds, blurred vision, etc., these may be signs of cerebral hemorrhage and you should go to the hospital for examination in time.

The dosage and usage of the above drugs must be followed according to the doctor's advice.

Most cases are caused by rupture of cerebral arterioles associated with hypertension when blood pressure rises suddenly, which is called hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.

After cerebral hemorrhage patients have passed the acute phase, the following issues should be noted:

(l) Psychological care: During the acute phase, family members and patients focus on saving lives, while during the recovery phase, they are often eager to restore function and require to take care of themselves quickly or even go to work. Many people request new drugs and new treatment methods; some patients express pessimism, disappointment and depression. Therefore, patients should be encouraged to have confidence in overcoming the disease, to remain mentally strong despite physical disability, and to be realistic about their disease and functions, and strive to achieve a good prognosis. We must cooperate well with medical staff and families to defeat the disease together. "Now that we are here, let us make the best of it." Otherwise, if you are too anxious to get well, you will become impatient and that will be counterproductive.

(2) Pay attention to the rational use of drugs: Since patients often suffer from several diseases or multiple symptoms at the same time, and the doctor has already prescribed multiple drugs, relatives, friends or family members should not add many drugs on their own. Excessive and indiscriminate use of drugs may cause side effects on the stomach, liver, kidneys or hematopoietic system. Not only will it fail to speed up recovery, but it may lead to other problems.

(3) Prevent recurrence of stroke; preventing recurrence during the recovery period is very meaningful. Because stroke can recur suddenly, the more times it occurs, the more the sequelae add up, the worse the prognosis will be, and the mortality rate will also increase greatly. To prevent recurrence, attention should be paid to stable blood pressure, appropriate food intake, and whether there are any complications of the heart or lungs.

(4) Provide good family rehabilitation: The rehabilitation period is generally spent at home, and family members should understand how to provide good family rehabilitation. During this period, drugs are no longer the main treatment.

(5) Pay attention to nursing care during the recovery period: including psychological care and basic nursing care to ensure the patient's basic living needs; provide special nursing care based on the specific patient and condition, such as care for nasogastric tubes, urinary catheters, and bedsores.

(6) Ensure adequate nutrition and intake: Stroke patients often suffer from aphasia and are unable to express their wishes correctly, or have choking or difficulty swallowing, and are unable to eat. Their intake is often insufficient or excessive, so family members should pay sufficient attention to this. The diet, dosage and supply time should be determined, and feeding can be given through a nasogastric tube if necessary.

(7) Smooth bowel movements: Constipation or excessive force during defecation may induce hemorrhagic cerebral infarction or cerebral embolism. In order to maintain smooth bowel movements, have regular bowel movements and eat appropriate amounts of celery, carrots, fruits, etc. If necessary, you can use medicines, such as senna soaked in water, hemp seed intestinal runner pills, fruit laxatives, etc.

After reading the above introduction on how to treat the sequelae of cerebral hemorrhage, I think everyone should have some understanding. This disease requires the patient's family or relatives to take careful care of them at all times, pay close attention to all the patient's symptoms, and take timely measures to prevent adverse consequences. Patients should pay more attention to diet, rest and maintain an optimistic mood.