Bacteremia mortality rate

Bacteremia, also known as sepsis, is a relatively common disease at present. It can cause a high probability of death in patients, but not all sepsis patients are in danger of life. This disease is an acute infection, so once infected, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time and identify it according to the symptoms. This can prevent more infections and transmissions and greatly reduce the chance of death.

Symptoms and signs

Symptoms and signs of sepsis

Sepsis itself has no special clinical manifestations. The symptoms seen in sepsis can also be seen in other acute infections, such as recurrent chills or even chills, high fever that may be flaccid or intermittent, a rash dominated by petechiae, arthralgia involving large joints, mild hepatosplenomegaly, and severe cases may have changes in mental status, myocarditis, septic shock, DIC, respiratory distress syndrome, etc. Sepsis caused by various pathogens has different clinical characteristics.

1. The primary lesions of Staphylococcus aureus sepsis are often skin furuncles or wound infections. A few are hospital-acquired infections in patients with poor body resistance. The bacteria in their blood are mostly from the respiratory tract. The clinical onset is acute, and the rash presents in various forms such as petechiae, urticaria, pustular rash and scarlet fever-like rash. The appearance of petechiae on the conjunctiva is of great significance. The joint symptoms are more obvious, sometimes red and swollen, but suppuration is rare. Migratory lesions can occur in about 2/3 of the patients. The most common are multiple pulmonary infiltrations, abscesses and pleurisy, followed by purulent meningitis, renal abscess, liver abscess, endocarditis, osteomyelitis and subcutaneous abscess, etc. Septic shock rarely occurs.

2. Staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis is common in hospital infections. When patients receive broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, the bacteria are prone to form drug-resistant strains (methicillin-resistant strains). The number of these bacteria in the respiratory tract and intestines increases significantly, which can lead to systemic infection. It is also common after interventional treatments, such as artificial joints, artificial valves, pacemakers, and various catheters.

3. Enterococcal sepsis Enterococci are opportunistic bacteria that usually parasitize in the intestines and urinary system. Its incidence has increased in the past 30 years, accounting for about 10% of nosocomial sepsis in my country and has risen to fourth place in the United States. Clinically, urinary tract infections and endocarditis are the most common manifestations. In addition, meningitis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, enteritis, and skin and soft tissue infections can also be seen.