Knowledge related to cardiovascular malformations

Last time when we went to the park, my grandfather said he was not feeling well for some reason and went home. Later, he went to the hospital for a physical examination and the doctor said it was cardiovascular malformation and that it was a common disease. However, I have never heard of this disease, so I would like to know some relevant knowledge about it. Please introduce it to me.

In the past, the classification and naming of hemangiomas and vascular malformations were not very precise. Most of them are collectively referred to as hemangiomas or lymphangiomas, and their names are mainly given according to the morphology of the lesions. For example, hemangiomas include capillary hemangiomas, cavernous hemangiomas, and racemose hemangiomas; lymphangiomas also include capillary, cavernous, and cystic types. Since patients with hemangiomas and vascular malformations may seek treatment in different clinical departments, even the same lesion may be given different names. For example, some departments call port-wine stains port-wine stains. In 1982, Mulliken and Gloweki re-proposed the classification from the perspective of cell biology and pathology, and clearly distinguished between tumors and malformations. After that, Jackson (1993), Waner and Suen (1995) supplemented and improved on the basis of Mulliken et al. and proposed a newer classification.

If we compare the above classification with the old classification, we can see the following characteristics:

1. Among neoplastic lesions, only hemangioma is a true tumor, while the others are vascular malformations. Most of the strawberry hemangiomas in the old classification belong to this category.

2. From a histopathological perspective, venous malformations have been added, and the diameter of venules should be thinner than that of capillary veins (50-200um). Clinically, port-wine stain (PWS) should be classified as a venous malformation rather than a capillary type. Venous malformation should be classified as cavernous hemangioma in the old classification.

3. The microcystic type of lymphatic malformation seems to include the capillary type and cavernous lymphangioma in the old classification; while the macrocystic type is equivalent to the cystic type or cystic hygroma in the old classification.

4. The mixed type of venous-lymphatic malformation should refer to the so-called cavernous lymphangioma in the old classification and clinical commonness. Venous-lymphatic malformation refers to the capillary lymphangioma or angiolymphangioma in the old classification.

The above is the knowledge about cardiovascular malformations, mainly the characteristics and concepts of this disease. If you want to know more, you can consult your attending physician. Also, patients with this disease need to be well taken care of. You can pay attention to your food, and be careful not to exercise too vigorously, so that you can have good cultivation.