Auscultation murmurs of various heart valves

Many people now feel that there are some problems with their hearts, but the specific problems are not so clear. At this time, when you feel that there is something abnormal with your heart valve, you should go to the hospital for a specific heart examination. Some people will find that there are actually murmurs in the heart when auscultating. In this case, you should find a way to cure it.

⒈ There are no symptoms in the early stage, or there may be discomfort in the precordial area or a pulsation in the head arteries; in the late stage, symptoms of left heart failure may appear, and acute and severe patients may have chest pain.

⒉ Yi's face is pale, the apical capture is displaced to the lower left and is lifted, the boundary of cardiac dullness is enlarged and boot-shaped, and a diastolic, high-pitched, decreasing breath-like murmur can be heard in the aortic valve area and the 3rd to 4th intercostal space on the left side of the sternum, which is transmitted to the apex; a low-pitched and soft mid-diastolic murmur (Austin-Flint murmur) can be heard in the apical area; the diastolic pressure decreases, the pulse pressure increases, and peripheral vascular signs may appear, such as water-rushing pulse, gunshot sound, capillary capture and Durozicr sign.

⒊ Auxiliary examination:

⑴ X-ray examination: left ventricular enlargement with bending and elongation of the ascending aorta, shaped like a boot; fluoroscopy shows enhanced aortic pulsation and "rocking-chair" pulsation of the left ventricular capture branch.

⑵ Electrocardiogram examination: left axis deviation, left ventricular hypertrophy with strain.

⑶ Echocardiography: It is very helpful in diagnosing insufficiency and its cause.

Aortic stenosis

1. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, while severe cases may experience dyspnea, fatigue, and even angina pectoris, dizziness, or blackouts.

2. There is a loud and rough systolic murmur in the aortic valve area, which is transmitted to the neck and apex. In elderly patients, the murmur is often high-pitched and musical and is loudest at the apex; there is systolic thrill, weakened second heart sound in the aortic valve area, weak pulse, decreased systolic blood pressure, and decreased pulse pressure.

3. Auxiliary inspection:

⑴X-ray examination: The root of the ascending aorta often shows stenosis followed by dilation. Severe stenosis almost always leads to calcification of the aortic valve and enlargement of the left ventricle.

⑵ Electrocardiogram examination: left ventricular hypertrophy with strain, sometimes left atrial enlargement.

⑶ Echocardiography examination: The opening amplitude of the aortic valve is reduced (<1.5cm), the opening speed is slowed down, the left ventricular wall is thickened, and the aortic wall may be thickened, and the rising and falling speeds are slowed down.

⑷Cardiac catheterization: It has great accuracy in distinguishing moderate and severe stenosis.