Types of stones

There are many types of stones, mainly calcium oxalate stones, and there are three other types: magnesium ammonium phosphate stones and calcium phosphate stones. The formation of these types of stones is closely related to our dietary factors, so we should pay attention to the combination of diet. Many vegetables contain a lot of oxalic acid. We need to dilute the oxalic acid before eating them to avoid chemical reactions with the calcium in the meat and cause symptoms of stones.

1. Calcium oxalate stones

Calcium oxalate stones are a very common type of kidney stones, accounting for more than 80% of kidney stones. It is formed in acidic or neutral urine and mostly occurs in young and middle-aged people, especially in men. The stones are mostly yellow-brown or bronze in color. Those with a smooth surface are calcium oxalate monohydrate, and those with a rough surface are calcium oxalate dihydrate. Clearly visible on x-rays. Calcium oxalate crystals are often found in urine sediment.

2: Magnesium phosphate stones

Magnesium phosphate stones account for about 10% of kidney stone incidence. They are formed in alkaline urine and dissolve when the urine pH is less than 7.2. Most of the patients are women. The stones are yellow or dirty gray in color, tree-branch or antler-shaped, and have a soft texture. Most of the patients suffer from urinary tract infections.

3. Calcium phosphate stones

Calcium phosphate stones account for 6% to 9% of kidney stone incidence and are formed in alkaline urine. The majority of patients are young and middle-aged men. The stones are white, rough in surface, often antler-shaped, and hard in texture.

4. Uric acid stones

Uric acid stones account for about 6% of kidney stones, but they are formed in acidic urine and dissolve when the urine pH is greater than 6.7. Men are also at high risk of this disease. The stone has a smooth surface, is often antler-shaped, yellow or brown in color, and has a hard texture.

5. Cystine stones

Cystine stones are a rare type of stone, accounting for about 1% to 2% of the total incidence of stones. They are formed in acidic urine and dissolve when the urine pH is greater than 7.0.

6. Xanthine stones

Xanthine stones are even rarer. They are white or yellow-brown in color, very brittle, cannot be penetrated by x-rays, and are usually formed in acidic urine.

How many types can kidney stones generally be divided into? The composition of kidney stones is very complex and can be roughly divided into the above types. No matter what type of stones it is, they must be treated promptly with effective treatment methods. If kidney stones are not removed in time, once they occur, they will cause unbearable pain and damage to the kidneys. However, don't worry too much if you have kidney stones. With timely and effective treatment, you can recover as soon as possible.