What disease causes prostate cancer and what medicine should I take

Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor caused by abnormal proliferation of prostate cells. Its cause may be related to genetics, environment, hormone levels and other factors. Treatment includes drug therapy, surgical treatment and lifestyle adjustment.

1. Genetic factors

The incidence of prostate cancer is closely related to heredity. People with a family history of prostate cancer have a higher risk of the disease, especially when a direct relative is sick, the risk increases by 2-3 times. Gene mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 may also increase the probability of disease. For people with a family history, it is recommended to conduct regular prostate-specific antigen PSA screening to detect lesions early.

2. Environmental factors

Environmental factors such as long-term exposure to harmful chemicals, a high-fat diet, and smoking may increase the risk of prostate cancer. A high-fat diet can cause an imbalance in hormone levels in the body and promote the growth of cancer cells. Reducing the intake of red meat and processed foods and increasing the proportion of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains can help reduce the risk.

3. Hormone levels

Excessive levels of male hormones such as testosterone may stimulate abnormal proliferation of prostate cells and increase the risk of cancer. Hormone replacement therapy or certain drugs may affect hormone balance and should be used under the guidance of a doctor.

4. Drug treatment

Drug therapy is one of the important treatments for prostate cancer. Commonly used drugs include:

Anti-androgen drugs such as bicalutamide: inhibit the stimulation of cancer cells by androgens.

LHRH agonists such as leuprolide: reduce testosterone levels in the body and slow tumor growth.

Chemotherapy drugs such as docetaxel: used in advanced prostate cancer to inhibit the spread of cancer cells.

5. Surgical treatment

Surgery is a common treatment for early-stage prostate cancer. Common surgeries include:

Radical prostatectomy: removal of the entire prostate and surrounding tissues. Suitable for localized lesions.

Laparoscopic surgery: minimally invasive surgery with quick recovery and less trauma.

Robot-assisted surgery: high precision and reduced complications.

6. Lifestyle Adjustment

A healthy lifestyle can help prevent and control prostate cancer. Recommendations:

Diet: Eat more foods rich in antioxidants, such as tomatoes, green tea, nuts, etc.

Exercise: Do 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking and swimming.

Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption: Reduce tobacco and alcohol intake to reduce cancer risk.

The causes of prostate cancer are complex, and treatment plans must be tailored to individual circumstances. Early screening and a healthy lifestyle are key to prevention. If you have any suspected symptoms, you should seek medical attention in a timely manner and receive professional diagnosis and treatment.