What are the causes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma? How is the radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

How is radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer? What are the causes?

The etiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has not been clearly discussed so far. Most people believe that its onset is the result of the interaction of multiple factors. The onset of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the result of the interaction of internal and external factors: the weakness of the vital energy leads to dysfunction of the internal organs, which allows the evil to enter and gradually gather into a tumor. The dysfunction of the internal organs is mainly related to the lungs, spleen, liver, and kidneys. The external pathogenic factors are related to climate, environment, bad habits, and mental factors. Due to various adverse stimuli, the internal organs in the body undergo pathological changes, resulting in stagnation of qi and blood, accumulation of phlegm, and accumulation of fire toxins, which in turn block the meridians and form a tumor.

The first choice of treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma includes radiotherapy. Appropriate radiotherapy can cure early lesions with few sequelae, achieve good palliative effects on late lesions, and relieve pain for patients with distant metastases. Some patients with single lung or bone metastases can also survive for a long time after radiotherapy. The main principles of radiotherapy are:

1. For patients receiving radiotherapy for the first time, external irradiation should be the main method, supplemented by intracavitary irradiation when necessary.

2. External irradiation sources should be high energy, low skin volume, low bone absorption, cobalt-60, linear accelerator

3. The range of external irradiation should completely include the tumor invasion range, and the skull base that has not been invaded and the neck that has not metastasized also need preventive irradiation

4. Use radiotherapy techniques such as multiple fields, reduced fields, and angle changes to protect normal tissues at a tolerable dose.