How is prostate cancer staged

Prostate cancer is classified by TNM staging, where T refers to the local lesion. Patients in stage T1 are generally diagnosed by puncture. If the prostate of a patient in stage T2 is T2a, it means that the tumor is relatively localized, limited to 1/2 of the fluid on one side of the prostate. T2b is also localized, but not just 1/2 on one side, and t2c invades both sides of the prostate. In stage T3a, the prostate tumor has actually invaded the capsule of the prostate, and in stage T3b, the tumor has invaded the seminal vesicle of the prostate. In stage T4, the tumor has invaded the adjacent tissues around the prostate, the rectum and the pelvic wall. N refers to whether the lymph nodes have metastasized. N0 means that there is no metastasis to the lymph nodes, while N1 may have metastasis to the lymph nodes. The last one is M. M0 also indicates that there is no bone metastasis. But in case of M1, there may be a bone metastasis. Like other tumors, we also divide them into early, middle and late stages. Generally, stage 1 refers to some relatively localized incidental tumors. Stage 2 refers to a tumor confined to the prostate. Stage 3 means that the cancer has invaded the prostate capsule and has broken through. Stage 4 means that the cancer has grown into the bone and is in the advanced stage.