Which surgery is suitable for bladder cancer patients? Can bladder cancer be treated with surgery?

There are several surgical treatment options for bladder cancer patients. Once our body has lesions, it will endanger our life and health. The most common disease is bladder cancer. Bladder cancer refers to the malignant overgrowth of cells in the bladder. Surgery is still one of the main ways to treat bladder cancer.

There are five main types of bladder cancer surgery:

1. Bladder tumor resection surgery: The electrosurgical resectoscope is inserted through the external urethral opening. There is an electrosurgical ring on the mirror that can be extended and retracted. When electric current passes through, the electrosurgical ring can cut the tumor tissue and also burn the tissue to stop bleeding.

2. Transurethral laser therapy: Laser can vaporize tissue, has a certain penetration depth and coagulation effect, causes very little bleeding, and sometimes eliminates the need for postoperative urinary catheterization.

3. Photodynamic therapy: Photosensitive substances are injected intravenously, which can selectively reach the tumor. Optical fiber is introduced through a cystoscope to irradiate the bladder mucosa with light of a special wavelength, which has a direct destructive effect on the tumor, while also destroying blood vessels and producing immune effects. It is particularly effective for carcinoma in situ and recurrent tumors.

4. Radical cystectomy: It is a surgery to remove the entire bladder, remove the diseased bladder, clear the lymph nodes, and build a new urine reservoir. Male patients usually need to remove the prostate, seminal vesicles, and part of the vas deferens during radical cystectomy; female patients need to remove the uterus, cervix, and part of the vagina, and can selectively retain the ovaries.

5. Partial cystectomy: It is suitable for limited muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and the tumor location is conducive to a certain range of resection. The possibility of carcinoma in situ should be ruled out before surgery. Tumors in the bladder diverticulum and tumors around the ureteral opening can all undergo partial cystectomy.