How to do postoperative care for liver cancer? Introduction to the main postoperative care methods for liver cancer

The awareness of liver cancer in my country is particularly high, and the number of deaths each year is no longer a small number. If you are unfortunately diagnosed with this disease, how should family members take care of the patient? Good care is very important for the patient's later recovery. Let's take a look at the nursing measures for liver cancer. Postoperative care for liver cancer: 1. Postoperative care for liver cancer 6 to 24 hours after surgery, take a semi-recumbent position when awake, close your eyes slightly, take a deep breath through your nose, and guide the patient to do flexion and extension exercises for the upper limbs, elbow joints, and shoulder joints, and flexion and extension, inversion, and eversion exercises for the toes, toes, ankle joints, knee joints, and hip joints. 4 times a day, 10 times each time. On the first day after surgery (24 to 48 hours), increase the amount of activity in the first stage, and add more activities, take a semi-recumbent position, increase chest expansion exercises, 2 to 3 times a day, 5 times each time, and others can help turn over with cough, and tap the back once every 2 hours. On the second day after surgery (48-72h), guide the patient to actively move his limbs, once every 2h, each time for 5-10min. If the patient is old and weak or unable to get out of bed, he should be trained to lift his hips. The method is to bend his legs, support the bed with his arms, and repeatedly lift his hips, 50-100 times a day, and gradually increase the number of times until ventilation. This method can be used for other surgeries such as stomach, bile duct, and pancreas. It has a good effect on promoting intestinal peristalsis, early ventilation, and preventing intestinal adhesion. On the third day after surgery, remove the double cannula, ask the patient to sit on the edge of the bed, let his legs hang down, actively move his limbs, head and neck joints and muscles, and walk with the support of others as appropriate. Pay attention to preventing and treating colds that aggravate the condition. Practice getting out of bed should start with standing on the edge of the bed, and gradually walk with the help of the bed, 2-3 times a day, each time for 15-20min. Respiratory care after liver cancer surgery Due to the large surgical trauma, elevated diaphragm, and limited respiratory movement, if the patient has difficulty coughing and expectoration, nebulization inhalation can be given twice a day. After each nebulization inhalation, turn over in time, tap the back, guide the patient to press the incision with both hands, take a deep breath and cough, and encourage the patient to cough out the sputum. Since the friction between the surgical incision and the drainage tube can cause pain, it causes physical pain to the patient. According to the doctor's advice, the analgesic pump is used continuously, and the effect of the medication is observed and recorded. Psychological counseling can be carried out according to the patient's psychological and cultural qualities, spiritual comfort can be given, and confidence in overcoming the disease can be established. Cough, take a deep breath, press the incision with your hands, and properly fix the drainage tube to prevent pain caused by the drainage tube moving back and forth. Dietary care after liver cancer surgery generally fasts for 3 days. After intestinal peristalsis is restored, full flow → half flow → normal food is given. Due to liver function impairment, loss of appetite, and poor nutritional status, nutritional support should be given. When the patient can eat, guide the patient to choose some high-calorie, appropriate amount of high-quality protein, high-vitamin, low-fat, low-sodium, and easily digestible food. The basic principle is to eat small and frequent meals, avoid eating raw, cold and hard foods, and measure the patient's weight regularly to understand the nutritional status. Cleaning and care after liver cancer surgery can become a potential risk of infection due to drainage tubes, retained catheters, malnutrition and excessive sputum. Skin care should be strengthened, the whole body should be scrubbed with warm water several times a day, the mouth and perineum should be kept clean, the bed should be kept clean and dry, and the sheets and hospital gowns should be changed once a day. Oral care should be strengthened during fasting periods. When changing dressings, treating and nursing, strictly follow the aseptic operating procedures to cut off the infection route; keep each drainage tube unobstructed, the abdomen free of positive signs, and the drainage volume