What is carbohydrate antigen 12-5? What factors lead to carbohydrate antigen 12-5

Overview

Keywords: Carbohydrate antigen 12-5

English abbreviation: CA12-5

Alias: Glycan antigen 12-5, Cancer antigen 12-5

Indicator meaning: Carbohydrate antigen 12-5 is present in the epithelial cells of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, endometrium and cervix, and can also be expressed at low levels in the epithelial cells of the lungs, kidneys, stomach, pancreas and colon. It is a tumor marker.

Detection value: Carbohydrate antigen 12-5 is a carbohydrate tumor-associated antigen that can detect malignant serous ovarian cancer and ovarian epithelial cancer. This marker is more sensitive to ovarian cancer and is therefore helpful in assisting the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. It is mainly used as a tumor monitoring indicator.

Normal value

Adult serum CA12-5 <35 U/L

There are differences in CA12-5 results from different testing systems. It is recommended to refer to the reference range on the report. For patients who are continuously monitored, it is recommended to use the same testing system.

Carbohydrate antigen 12-5 is high

1. Clinical significance

Summary: The main reason for the high carbohydrate antigen 12-5 is ovarian cancer, so it has great clinical value in diagnosing ovarian cancer. Other cancers, such as cervical cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, biliary tract cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, etc. CA12-5 will also have a certain positive reaction. In addition, 3%~6% of patients with benign ovarian tumors and uterine fibroids sometimes have elevated serum CA12-5, but most of them do not exceed 100U/L. Serum CA12-5 is significantly elevated in the decompensated stage of liver cirrhosis.

Disease factors

1. Ovarian cancer

Carbohydrate antigen 12-5 exists in epithelial ovarian cancer tissue and serous adenocarcinoma tissue, and its positive detection rate in serous carcinoma can reach 70% to 90%. It can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic indicator.

2. Other cancers

There are also certain positive reactions in cervical cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, benign ovarian tumors, uterine fibroids, etc. However, the positive rate is relatively low and needs to be combined with other examinations.

3. Cirrhosis

Serum CA12-5 is significantly increased in the decompensated stage of cirrhosis.

Non-disease factors

Female physiological factors: Menstruation and pregnancy can also lead to an increase in carbohydrate antigen 12-5. Female menopausal status also affects serum CA12-5 levels.

Related diseases: ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, liver cirrhosis

2. Countermeasures

Departments: Oncology, Gynecology

Summary: The causes of high carbohydrate antigen 12-5 are different, and the treatment methods are also different. Symptomatic treatment is based on the cause. Ovarian cancer is mainly treated with surgery, supplemented by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, etc. Some patients can also use targeted drugs. For patients with cervical cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, etc., the treatment is mainly surgery, and patients who are not suitable for surgery are treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Ovarian cancer

1. Drug treatment: Chemotherapy, paclitaxel combined with platinum is the first-line chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. PARP inhibitors are used for targeted therapy. Commonly used immunotherapy in clinical practice includes interferon, interleukin-2, thymosin, etc. Please consult a professional doctor in a regular hospital for specific medication.

2. Other treatments: Early-stage ovarian cancer patients can undergo surgical treatment to remove the tumor, and on this basis, evaluate the prognosis and develop a treatment plan.

Cervical cancer

1. Drug treatment: Effective drugs for the treatment of cervical cancer include cisplatin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, ifosfamide, gemcitabine, topotecan, etc.

2. Other treatments: Choose appropriate surgery based on the different stages of the tumor, the patient's age, and the pathological type, including cervical conization, total hysterectomy, radical hysterectomy, etc.

Cirrhosis

1. General treatment: Patients with complications during the decompensated stage of cirrhosis are generally advised to rest in bed.

2. Drug treatment: For patients with viral infection, entecavir, tenofovir and other drugs are the first choice for treating patients in the decompensated stage of cirrhosis. Patients with relatively good liver function can also choose interferon treatment.

3. Diet management

Summary: It is recommended that patients with high carbohydrate antigen 12-5 eat more foods rich in cellulose, trace elements and cellulose, such as mushrooms, soybeans, fresh vegetables, mushrooms and turtles, kelp, seaweed, etc. In addition to milk and eggs, eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, supplement protein and multiple vitamins. After surgery, pay attention to taking more health-promoting and menstrual-regulating foods and nourishing liver and kidneys. Do not eat smoked, moldy, or nitrite-containing foods; eat less fried, spicy, and pickled foods; do not smoke, drink alcohol, or overeat.

Precautions

The diet should be light, and high doses of lactose and excessive animal fat should be avoided or consumed in small amounts.

Dietary recommendations

1. Light and easy to digest: such as thin lotus root powder, tomato soup, egg soup, soy milk, pork liver soup, thin noodle soup, etc.

2. Foods that enhance immunity: such as beef, yam, green beans, mushrooms, dates, eggs, milk, etc.

3. Foods containing vitamins: such as hawthorn, tomatoes, celery, cucumber, apples, peaches, etc.

Dietary taboos

1. Avoid high-fat foods. Patients should avoid high-fat foods in their diet. Contaminated or moldy foods should be avoided to avoid adverse consequences to the body. Women who have the habit of smoking and drinking should strictly avoid them to avoid threats to their health.

2. Avoid greasy and irritating foods. Patients should avoid greasy and spicy foods as much as possible, try not to eat or eat less foods rich in animal fat, and mainly eat a light diet. Foods containing high doses of lactose should also be avoided as much as possible.

3. Avoid sow meat. Patients should strictly avoid sow meat during their diet.

4. Avoid smoking or grilling meat. Foods that are smoked, pickled, spoiled, contaminated, fried, and rich in nitrites should be avoided as much as possible, and burnt foods should be avoided to avoid cancer.

4. Life Management

Summary: Mental state will have a significant effect on the body, so patients with elevated carbohydrate antigen 12-5 should maintain a good attitude in life and not worry about it, which is very unfavorable to the development of the disease. In addition, it is necessary to develop good living habits, try to ensure adequate sleep time, avoid staying up late, fatigue and irregular life. Exercise regularly and do moderate exercise to improve your immunity.

1. Maintain a positive attitude

Many people suspect that they have cancer and take a negative attitude after finding out that their carbohydrate antigen 12-5 is elevated. In fact, a person's mental state and psychological emotions have obvious effects on the neuroendocrine and immune systems, so everyone should maintain a good attitude, face it optimistically and calmly, and actively look for the reasons.

2. Ensure a regular life

It is very important to develop good living habits. Avoid irregular life, get enough sleep, avoid overwork, live a regular life, do morning exercises every day, and avoid staying up late or playing electronic products for a long time.

5. Related inspections

Check the name

Tumor marker test

Examination Department

Laboratory Department

Check time

at any time

Whether fasting

no

Check steps

1. The patient sits in the designated position, relaxes his muscles, and exposes the puncture point.

2. Tie a tourniquet to the arm where blood is to be drawn, and the patient should make a fist to fill the blood vessels.

3. Disinfect the puncture site first, then insert the needle to draw blood.

4. After blood collection is completed, the patient relaxes his fist, the blood collector removes the blood collection tube, loosens the tourniquet, and pulls out the blood collection needle.

5. After blood collection, the patient should immediately use a sterile cotton swab to apply parallel pressure to the puncture point for 3 to 5 minutes.

Precautions

1. Patients should not change their eating habits before blood collection and should avoid drinking alcohol within 24 hours.

2. Avoid staying up late and taking medicine the night before the examination, otherwise it will affect the test results.

3. Relax when drawing blood, because fear will cause blood vessels to contract, increasing the difficulty of blood drawing.

4. If you experience any symptoms of needle phobia or blood phobia (such as dizziness, palpitations, nausea, etc.) during the blood collection process, you should inform your doctor immediately.

5. After the examination, press the needle hole with a cotton ball for 3 to 5 minutes. The patient should cover the entire puncture point with pressure to stop bleeding. Do not press and rub at the same time to prevent bleeding and congestion.