What are the most serious symptoms of renal hamartoma

What are the most serious symptoms of renal hamartoma? Hamartoma is a multiple disease that can occur in many organs of the body, posing a great threat to the patient's health. Among them, renal hamartoma is a relatively common type, a benign tumor of the kidney. So what are the most serious symptoms of renal hamartoma?

Renal adenomas may be accompanied by tuberous sclerosis, which is an autosomal dominant gene and a hereditary familial disease. 80% of patients have butterfly-shaped sebaceous adenomas on their faces, and other organs such as the brain, eyes, bones, heart, and lungs also have lesions. Brain development is slow, intelligence is poor, and epilepsy occurs, mostly with multiple sources in both kidneys. The vast majority of angiomyolipomas in my country are not accompanied by tuberous sclerosis, and 80% of them are women. The symptoms appear between the ages of 20 and 50, and most are after the age of 40.

What is the cause of renal hamartoma?

1. Causes of disease

The cause is still unclear. Renal hamartomas are divided into two types: ① Those with tuberous sclerosis: no symptoms, bilateral, small tumors, multiple, and young onset age; ② Those without tuberous sclerosis: often have subjective symptoms, multiple or single, unilateral, large tumors, and older onset age. The above classification is from the 1960s. With the advancement of imaging, especially the popularity of ultrasound examinations, those without tuberous sclerosis can also be found to have bilateral kidneys, multiple, small lesions, and no clinical symptoms. Renal hamartomas seen in clinical practice are often discovered accidentally during physical examinations, and the symptoms are not obvious.

2. Pathogenesis

Renal hamartomas are often bilateral, yellow or gray, and often accompanied by hemorrhage, necrosis, cystic changes, and calcification. The tumor is named after its 3 main components: blood vessels, adipocytes, and smooth muscle. Although there have been reports of malignancy, it is now believed that extrarenal or lymph node involvement reflects the multicentricity of the tumor rather than metastasis. There is no sufficient standard for malignancy.

The causes of renal hamartoma from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine:

1. People who drink excessively and often eat fatty meat, animal offal, scaleless fish or egg yolks. Eating too much fatty and high-cholesterol food can cause dampness and heat in the lower jiao, endogenous phlegm and dampness, and disorder of transportation and transformation, that is, excessive adipose tissue is regenerated, causing excessive fat cells in the body to aggregate and degenerate. The treatment principle is: clearing away heat and dampness, strengthening the kidney and spleen, and softening and dispersing nodules.

2. People who are under too much work pressure, are irritable, and often angry. Due to liver qi stagnation, poor blood circulation, and blocked meridians, normal fat tissue and blood stasis can be intertwined. Over time, connective tissue can wrap fat cells and form lipomas. Treatment principles: soothe the liver and regulate qi, activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis, soften and disperse nodules. Through treatment, the meridians are unblocked, menstrual blood is unblocked, and lipomas are dispersed.

3. People who often stay up late and think too much. Because of the damage to the liver and kidney, the liver and kidney yin deficiency, yin and yang imbalance, so that the body's ability to decompose fat decreases, the original fat tissue and the regenerated fat can not be placed normally, forming abnormal fat tissue, that is, "hamartoma", the treatment principle is: nourish kidney yin, regulate yin and yang balance, soften and disperse nodules.

Most patients with renal hamartomas do not have obvious symptoms. The main reasons for the symptoms are mostly related to the growth site, size, number, growth rate, and relationship with surrounding organs of the renal hamartoma. If the tumor is small, there may be no symptoms. If there is bleeding in the tumor or around it, there may be back pain. Physical examination may feel a mass in the abdomen. Hematuria is rare.

In addition, there are butterfly-shaped sebaceous adenomas on the face, but they are relatively rare. If abdominal distension and abdominal pain are significantly aggravated, it may be due to the rapid growth of the tumor; the most dangerous complication of renal hamartoma is tumor enlargement, rupture and bleeding, so active treatment should be carried out early. The vast majority of patients with renal hamartoma have no symptoms.

Symptoms of renal hamartoma:

① Discomfort or pain in the waist and abdomen: The reason is that the enlarged and expanded kidneys increase the tension of the renal capsule, pull the renal pedicle, or compress adjacent organs. In addition, the large size of the renal hamartoma causes the kidneys to become heavy, which can also cause lumbar pain. The pain is characterized by dull pain, fixed on one side or both sides, radiating to the lower body and lower back. If there is bleeding in the tumor or secondary infection, the pain will suddenly intensify. If combined with stones or blood clots after bleeding that block the urinary tract, renal colic may occur.

②Hematuria: It can be manifested as microscopic hematuria or macroscopic hematuria. The attack is cyclical. The back pain often intensifies during the attack. Vigorous exercise, trauma, and infection can induce or aggravate it.

③Abdominal mass: Sometimes it is the main reason for patients to seek medical treatment. Eighty percent of patients can feel enlarged kidneys.

④ Proteinuria: Generally, the amount is not much, and will not exceed 2g in 24 hours. Nephrotic syndrome will not occur.

⑤ Hypertension: The tumor compresses the kidneys, causing renal ischemia, increasing renin secretion, and causing hypertension. When renal function is normal, more than 50% of patients have hypertension, and the incidence of hypertension is even higher when renal function is impaired.

⑥ Decreased renal function: Due to the tumor's space occupation and compression, the normal renal tissue is significantly reduced and renal function progressively declines.