What are the methods for examining glioma

Each doctor has his or her own basis for diagnosis. Some are based on the patient's gender, age, symptoms, and some are based on the doctor's years of experience. However, the most accurate is still based on the auxiliary examinations he or she has done. So what kind of examinations are needed to diagnose glioma? Let's talk about it in detail.

1. Head X-ray: It helps to understand whether there is increased intracranial pressure, local destruction or hyperplasia of the skull, enlargement of the sella turcica, displacement of pineal calcification and pathological calcification in the brain tumor. It is helpful for positioning and qualitative diagnosis. However, the positive rate of X-ray is less than one-third, so brain tumors cannot be ruled out due to negative X-ray results.

2. Biochemical determination: For patients with pituitary tumors, especially those with excessive secretion of anterior pituitary hormones, blood biochemical tests can be used to confirm the condition. Prolactin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, gonadotropin, etc. can be tested to clarify the nature of pituitary disease. Among them, prolactinoma is the most common, accounting for about 50%, followed by growth hormone adenoma and adrenocorticotropic hormone adenoma.

3. Magnetic resonance imaging: It can not only clearly show the size of the tumor, but also directly see whether the blood vessels in the tumor are rich, and use the injection enhancement or no enhancement to judge the richness of its blood supply. In particular, it can show the entire morphology of brain tissue, making the brain almost "transparent". This provides an important basis for us to choose the surgical approach.

4. Electroencephalogram examination: It has the value of positioning fast-growing brain tumors in the cerebral hemispheres, and the amplitude and frequency of the diseased side can be seen to be reduced, but it is not very helpful for diagnosing brain tumors in the midline, deep in the hemisphere, and under the tentorium. The electroencephalogram developed after the 1970s can show the location and range of intracranial lesions in a graphical way. It is more sensitive to the diagnosis of brain tumors than conventional electroencephalograms. Its main manifestation is abnormal slow wave power in the tumor area and around the tumor area. It is an effective screening method before CT examination.

5. Radiological examination: Radiological examination mainly includes skull plain film, ventriculography, computer tomography, etc. The doctor will make a judgment based on the changes and metastasis of brain tissue in the film.