What are the complications of bile duct cancer

What are the complications of bile duct cancer? Biliary duct cancer is a type of cancer and also a malignant tumor. It ranks first among gallbladder tumors. Not only that, bile duct cancer can also bring some troublesome complications. Here are some complications of bile duct cancer.

1. Intraperitoneal hemorrhage: The incidence rate is reported in the literature to be 10%. Bleeding within 24 hours after surgery may be caused by anastomotic bleeding due to loose ligation during surgery; bleeding 3-10 days after surgery may be due to deep jaundice before surgery, coagulation disorder, extensive bleeding from the wound, or vascular erosion and bleeding caused by digestive fluids such as pancreatic fistula and biliary fistula corroding the wound. Therefore, after surgery, vital signs should be closely monitored, and the amount, nature, and color of the drainage fluid should be observed and recorded. If any abnormality is found, it should be reported to the doctor in time for treatment.

2. Stress ulcer bleeding: Due to surgical trauma, blood loss, and general anesthesia, the body is in a state of stress. In addition, bile salts damage the gastric mucosal barrier, which directly or indirectly leads to a decrease in the gastric mucosal barrier's defense ability, resulting in gastric mucosal erosion, ulcers, and bleeding. In terms of nursing, monitor blood pressure, pulse, the color, nature, and amount of gastric contents, and changes in hemoglobin, closely observe the amount of bleeding, and record the color, nature, and amount of vomitus and stool. Generally, 150-380 ml of light red or grass-green gastric juice can be drawn within 24 hours. Once the amount of fresh bloody fluid is found to be increasing, it should be considered as active bleeding, and the doctor should be notified in time for treatment.

3. Bleeding from the bile duct or the cholecystoenteric anastomosis: If the bile duct stent duct duce bloody bile, it indicates the possibility of bleeding from the bile duct or the cholecystoenteric anastomosis. Somatostatin, hemostatic drugs, blood transfusion and other treatments can be used first. If it cannot be controlled, laparotomy should be performed decisively to stop the bleeding.

4. Bile leakage: Common causes of bile leakage include bile duct leakage in the liver section and bile-intestinal anastomosis leakage. Pay attention to the color, amount, and properties of the abdominal drainage fluid, abdominal signs, and temperature changes after surgery. Generally, the abdominal drainage fluid drains light red or light yellow exudate depending on the surgery. If brown or yellow-green bile-like fluid appears, bile leakage should be considered and reported to the doctor in time. The best way to treat bile leakage is ultrasound-guided puncture drainage. As long as the proximal bile duct is not obstructed and bile drainage is unobstructed, most bile leaks can be healed after drainage. For those who cannot heal bile fistulas caused by long-term drainage, surgery can be considered.

5. Liver failure: Patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma have varying degrees of liver damage and hypoproteinemia due to preoperative jaundice, and 69 cases of liver resection were performed in this group. Therefore, liver dysfunction and liver failure are likely to occur after surgery, which is one of the main causes of hospital death. Therefore, pay attention to the patient's state of consciousness, use drugs that damage liver function (such as barbiturates) with caution, actively protect the liver, and give nutritional support rich in branched-chain amino acids and fat emulsions. If impaired consciousness occurs, the possibility of hepatic encephalopathy should be considered, and blood ammonia should be checked urgently to confirm the diagnosis. If hepatic coma occurs, in addition to strengthening liver protection (adding arginine, ornithine aspartate, etc.), oral intestinal antibiotics, sodium glutamate, and 100ml of normal saline with 30ml of Dumic enema, agitated patients should be given bed rails, limb restraints, and special bedside care.

The above are the more common complications of bile duct cancer. I hope everyone can stay away from illness.