What diseases are likely to be complicated by bile duct cancer

What diseases are likely to be complicated by bile duct cancer? We are usually afraid of cancer, but in fact, some complications brought by cancer cannot be ignored. Just like bile duct cancer, it will also bring some complications that we don’t want to see. Here we will introduce to you the diseases that are likely to be complicated by bile duct cancer.

1. Stress ulcer bleeding: a serious complication after surgery for patients with severe obstructive jaundice. Its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood, but it is generally believed that hyperbilirubinemia and hypercholesterolemia damage the gastric mucosal barrier and reduce gastric mucosal blood flow. At the same time, patients often have concurrent infections, sepsis, malnutrition, etc. Severe surgical trauma can lead to low perfusion of the gastric mucosa, forming mucosal ulcer bleeding, and in severe cases, perforation may occur.

2. Massive intraperitoneal bleeding: It often occurs in patients with combined liver lobectomy and portal vein injury during surgery. It is also seen in bleeding at the bile-intestinal anastomosis. Fresh blood drainage from the abdominal cavity >200ml/h indicates active bleeding in the abdominal cavity. Emergency surgery is required to stop bleeding. Prevention is mainly based on accurate suture to stop bleeding during surgery.

3. Bleeding from the bile duct or the cholecystoenteric anastomosis: If the bile duct stent duct duce bloody bile, it indicates the possibility of bleeding from the bile duct or the cholecystoenteric anastomosis. Somatostatin, hemostatic drugs, blood transfusion and other treatments can be used first. If it cannot be controlled, laparotomy should be performed decisively to stop the bleeding.

4. Bile leakage: Common causes of bile leakage include bile duct leakage in the liver section and bile-intestinal anastomosis leakage. Pay attention to the color, amount, and properties of the abdominal drainage fluid, abdominal signs, and temperature changes after surgery. Generally, the abdominal drainage fluid drains light red or light yellow exudate depending on the surgery. If brown or yellow-green bile-like fluid appears, bile leakage should be considered and reported to the doctor in time. The best way to treat bile leakage is ultrasound-guided puncture drainage. As long as the proximal bile duct is not obstructed and bile drainage is unobstructed, most bile leaks can be healed after drainage. For those who cannot heal bile fistulas caused by long-term drainage, surgery can be considered.

5. Liver failure: Patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma have varying degrees of liver damage and hypoproteinemia due to preoperative jaundice, and 69 cases of liver resection were performed in this group. Therefore, liver dysfunction and liver failure are likely to occur after surgery, which is one of the main causes of hospital death. Therefore, pay attention to the patient's state of consciousness, use drugs that damage liver function (such as barbiturates) with caution, actively protect the liver, and give nutritional support rich in branched-chain amino acids and fat emulsions. If impaired consciousness occurs, the possibility of hepatic encephalopathy should be considered, and blood ammonia should be checked urgently to confirm the diagnosis. If hepatic coma occurs, in addition to strengthening liver protection (adding arginine, ornithine aspartate, etc.), oral intestinal antibiotics, sodium glutamate, and 100ml of normal saline with 30ml of Dumic enema, agitated patients should be given bed rails, limb restraints, and special bedside care.

The above are some of the diseases that are common complications of bile duct cancer. I hope they will be helpful to everyone.