What are the diagnostic procedures for bladder cancer

Bladder cancer refers to a variety of malignant tumors originating from the bladder, which means that abnormal cells proliferate uncontrollably. The bladder is a hollow organ that stores urine. Its outer wall is mainly composed of muscle and is located in the lower abdomen. The most common bladder cancer cells come from the epidermis of the inner mucosa of the bladder. The official name is transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). So what are the diagnostic procedures for bladder cancer?

(1) Urinalysis: Hematuria that is invisible to the naked eye can be detected.
(2) Bilateral cystoscopy: It can check the scope and depth of bladder tumor infiltration. Doctors and patients should cooperate with each other during the examination and move gently to avoid bleeding. (3) Cystoscopy: This is the main method for diagnosing bladder cancer. It can directly see the location, size, number, shape, and infiltration of bladder tumors. Tumor biopsy should be performed at the same time during the examination.
(4) CT examination: It can detect tumors and enlarged lymph nodes with a high accuracy rate, and it helps to correctly stage bladder tumors.
(5) B-ultrasound: This examination is painless. The accuracy is proportional to the size of the tumor. Generally, tumors larger than 0.5 cm can be found. It is of auxiliary value in distinguishing bladder stones from tumors.
(6) Cystography: It is generally used to supplement the deficiencies of cystoscopy. If the tumor is too large, cystography can be used to view the entire picture. Multiple exposures can show that the bladder wall is stiff and cannot expand. Double contrast imaging shows the tumor more clearly.