Causes of endometrial cancer

Many patients do not know much about endometrial cancer. There are many types of endometrial cancer, so patients with endometrial cancer must choose different treatment methods to achieve the best treatment effect. There are also many symptoms of endometrial cancer. How is endometrial cancer caused?

1. Obesity Excessive fat will increase the storage of estrogen and increase the conversion of androstenedione in plasma to estrone. This increase in free and active estrone may be a carcinogenic factor or a cancer-promoting factor for endometrial cancer.

2. Diabetes: Diabetic patients or those with abnormal glucose tolerance have a 2.8 times higher risk of developing endometrial cancer than normal people.

3. Hypertension: Many patients with endometrial cancer are accompanied by hypertension.

The coexistence of obesity, diabetes and hypertension in patients with endometrial cancer is called the "endometrial triad" or "endometrial cancer syndrome". The three may be related to a high-fat diet, which is directly related to endometrial cancer.

4. Menstrual disorders: Patients with endometrial cancer have menstrual disorders and heavy menstruation, which is three times higher than that of normal women.

5. Early menarche and late menopause: The incidence of endometrial cancer is 60% higher in women who have their menarche before the age of 12 than in those who have their menarche after the age of 12. The youngest age for endometrial cancer is 6 years later than that of normal women.

6. Endometrial cancer occurs more frequently in women with multiple parities, nulliparities, and infertility.

7. Polycystic ovary syndrome is characterized by anovulation, which causes the endometrium to be under the action of high levels of continuous estrogen, lack of progesterone regulation and periodic endometrial exfoliation, resulting in proliferative changes.

8. Ovarian tumors such as granulosa cell carcinoma and theca cell tumor that secrete high levels of estrogen can cause irregular menstruation, postmenopausal bleeding, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.

9. Atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium may be a stage in the development of endometrial cancer or may not be a stage. Severe atypical hyperplasia may be considered as endometrial carcinoma in situ.

10. Exogenous estrogen Women who take estrogen have a high risk of developing endometrial cancer. The risk is related to the dose, duration of use, whether progesterone is used in combination, whether the drug is stopped during the period, and patient characteristics. The risk decreases after stopping the drug, but the risk continues for several years. At present, there is sufficient evidence for the causal relationship between estrogen and endometrial cancer.

Among estrogens, estriol (E3) does not promote endometrial hyperplasia, while E2, E1, ethinyl estradiol or conjugated estrogens can easily promote endometrial hyperplasia and increase the risk of endometrial cancer.

Many people will suffer from endometrial cancer, which seriously affects people's normal life. Few people with endometrial cancer really understand this disease. There are also many things that patients with endometrial cancer need to pay attention to during treatment. Finally, I wish all these patients a speedy recovery!