Differential diagnosis of endometrial cancer

The differential diagnosis of endometrial cancer should be differentiated from various diseases that cause vaginal bleeding, such as senile vaginitis, endometritis with pyometra, functional uterine bleeding during menopausal transition, submucosal uterine fibroids or endometrial polyps, cervical cancer, uterine sarcoma, fallopian tube cancer, etc.

1. In addition to medical history and clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations are also required to confirm the diagnosis.

2. Auxiliary examination

(1) Ultrasound examination: to understand the thickness of the endometrium, the presence of vegetation, myometrial infiltration, etc.

(2) Pathological histological examination: It is the basis for the diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Commonly used methods are: diagnostic curettage, segmented curettage and endometrial biopsy. Among them, segmented curettage is the most commonly used, first scraping the cervical canal and then scraping the uterine cavity.

(3) Hysteroscopy: It can directly visualize endometrial lesions and perform biopsy on suspicious areas.

(4) Other examinations: Cytological examination, CA125 and other serum tumor marker examinations have certain reference value. CT and MRI are helpful in evaluating the depth of myometrial invasion, the extent of uterine lesions, and the presence or absence of metastasis.