Key points of clinical nursing for malignant melanoma

The incidence of melanoma in my country is not very high, but the disease is highly malignant. Patients are very painful after contracting the disease and it is life-threatening. Once we have symptoms of melanoma in our daily lives, it is best to go to a regular hospital for examination and treatment in a timely manner. During the treatment, we should pay attention to the care of melanoma. So how should we care for it specifically?

1. Eat light, warm and moderate meals. Excessively sweet or fatty foods as well as hot foods can easily cause vomiting.

2. Acidic fruits, hard candies and sour pickles can relieve nausea

3. Avoid strong sunlight, noisy noises, and strong smells (such as perfume or vomitus of other patients).

4. Watching TV, listening to music, talking about topics that interest the patient, or even playing chess can help distract the patient and reduce nausea and vomiting.

5. During the intervals between treatments, patients are encouraged to take a walk outdoors, breathe fresh air, and do appropriate exercises, such as qigong.

6. When talking with patients, do not exaggerate the nausea and vomiting caused by treatment, so as not to increase the psychological burden.

7. When the patient has nausea and vomiting, he should take a short rest. When the vomiting is severe, he should not eat temporarily. After each vomiting, rinse the mouth with liquid that the patient likes. After the vomiting stops, he should gradually resume eating, starting with soup.

8. Since the scalp is very sensitive after hair loss, you should not use irritating soaps and shampoos during the treatment period, cut your hair short, do not dye or perm your hair, and do not use a hair dryer with too high a temperature. Hair loss is only a temporary phenomenon. After the treatment, the hair will grow back and may grow thicker and denser than before the treatment.

9. Keep your mouth clean and develop the habit of brushing your teeth in the morning and evening and rinsing your mouth after meals. During treatment, use a soft toothbrush, do not use toothpicks to pick your teeth, do not eat hot, rough, prickly or irritating foods, and avoid causing minor injuries to the oral cavity.

10. Don't eat food that is too hot, because high-temperature food accelerates intestinal peristalsis and aggravates diarrhea. Eat less sweets and fiber-rich foods to avoid excessive gas production and abdominal pain and bloating. Drink more water, usually boiled water and light tea, and avoid coffee, strong tea and alcohol. At the same time, eat more potassium-rich foods, such as potatoes, oranges, peaches, apricots, etc.

11. Patients should cooperate to avoid changing the position of the needle and causing drug leakage. During the intravenous medication process and after the needle is removed, local hot compresses are prohibited to prevent drug extravasation and local tissue necrosis. For elderly patients with poor vascular elasticity, the needle hole should be closed more slowly after intravenous puncture, and the compression time should be longer after the needle is removed to reduce the chance of drug extravasation. Once it is found that the drug has leaked out of the blood vessel, or pain or burning sensation occurs, medical staff should be asked to handle it immediately: stop injecting the drug immediately, apply ice packs to the local area or seal it to prevent drug diffusion.

12. During the treatment, patients should be given light and easily digestible food according to their taste, and small and frequent meals are encouraged. Especially during the intervals between treatments, more attention should be paid to supplementing high-calorie, high-vitamin, high-protein, low-fat food to ensure nutritional needs. However, due to the toxic and side effects of drugs during the treatment period, patients often lose their appetite, so they should be given light, less greasy, and easily digestible food. Smoking, alcohol, spicy and irritating food, raw, cold and hard food are prohibited. Patients are encouraged to drink more water and soup to accelerate the excretion of toxins in the body, and at the same time, a good dining environment should be created for patients as much as possible.

The above is some of the knowledge about melanoma care during clinical treatment that we introduced to you today. Melanoma is a malignant tumor. After getting sick, it must be checked and treated. The harm of this disease is very serious. If the treatment is not timely, it will lose life. Careful care during treatment can improve the treatment effect of patients.