What are the diseases of the testicles?

The testicles are an important organ in the male reproductive system. They are related to a man's "sexual happiness" and whether he can have children, so everyone must pay attention to the testicles. Because there are many testicular diseases, in order to help everyone better treat them, the following article introduces 8 common types of testicular diseases. I hope it will be helpful for everyone to treat testicular diseases.

1. Orchitis: Orchitis is the most common testicular disease. Sitting for a long time, squeezing the testicles, unclean sexual intercourse, long-term social activities, holding urine, urinary tract infection, etc. may all cause orchitis. Mild orchitis can be cured by developing good living habits again. But if it is severe orchitis, you need to go to a regular hospital for treatment, otherwise it may affect your sexual life and fertility.

2. Ectopic testicles: When the testicles descend from the inguinal canal, they may not descend into the normal position in the scrotum, causing ectopic testicles. Ectopic testis is rare, and its clinical significance and treatment principles are generally the same as those of cryptorchidism. If the diagnosis is clear, surgical treatment should generally be considered because androgen therapy is generally ineffective. Orchiopexy performed as early as possible before puberty usually restores normal testicular function.

3. Cryptorchidism: About 3% of full-term male babies and 30% of premature male babies have cryptorchidism. Most of these babies have testicles that descend into the scrotum within a few months after birth, but about 0.8% of male babies have undescended testicles one year after birth. The time of first ejaculation of cryptorchid patients is slightly later than that of the normal control group, and the incidence of nocturnal emission during adolescence is also lower; they also have less sexual life in adulthood than the normal control group.

4. Polyorchia: refers to the number of testicles exceeding 2, generally believed to be no more than 3 testicles, with more on the left than on the right. Supernumerary testicles rarely develop normally. Testicles that exist ectopically and atrophy for a long time may become malignant. Therefore, supernumerary testicles should be surgically removed as soon as possible.

5. Anoorchia: Congenital bilateral anoorchia (absence of testicles) is extremely rare, with only 61 cases reported in the literature. The cause of the disease may be that after the fetus's sex differentiation, the fetal testicles are destroyed by some toxin.

6. Epitesticular disease: refers to the fusion of both testicles, which can occur in the scrotum or in the abdominal cavity. Syncorhynchus is often accompanied by other serious congenital malformations, and very few can develop and survive.

7. Testicular hyperplasia: Testicular hyperplasia refers to testicles that are larger than normal, while their hardness and local anatomical relationships are normal. It is common when one testicle is absent or underdeveloped, and the contralateral testicle compensatory hyperplasia occurs. Generally no special treatment is required.

8. Testicular dysgenesis: This disease can be caused by blood supply obstruction during the embryonic period or spermatic cord torsion when the testicles descend. Cryptorchidism, sexual immaturity and hypopituitarism are also common causes of this disease. Patients with unilateral testicular dysgenesis do not need treatment due to compensatory hyperplasia of the contralateral testicle, while patients with cryptorchidism should undergo surgical treatment as soon as possible.

The testicles are responsible for the sacred mission of reproducing the next generation. They are very fragile, so we must learn to maintain them properly. Above we have seen various types of testicular diseases and understood what causes those testicular diseases, so the next thing we have to do is to prevent the disease at the root.