Preoperative and postoperative care measures for breast cancer

Preoperative and postoperative nursing measures for breast cancer. We all know that with the advancement of modern medical technology, we have also improved the treatment effect of breast cancer. However, for breast cancer, we should also pay attention to checking the treatment effect at any time, so as to achieve our clinical treatment goals.

Preoperative nursing measures for breast cancer patients:

1. Provide comprehensive life care

Guide patients to eat high-nutrition, easily digestible food, pay attention to the color, aroma and taste of food, increase patients' appetite to meet the body's nutritional needs, and reserve energy to achieve the purpose of tolerating surgery.

Develop good bowel habits, keep bowel movements smooth, and take laxatives as prescribed by your doctor when you are constipated.

2. Preoperative preparation

Pay attention to the protective medical system, do a good job of ideological work for patients and make them understand that surgery may cause changes in chest appearance and limited upper limb function. Patients with pregnancy should be advised to terminate the pregnancy, and breastfeeding patients should be weaned immediately.

Routine preparations should be performed before surgery, including visceral function examination and skin preparation.

Breast cancer patients after surgery need to eat some foods that are suitable for cancer recovery.

【should】

1: It is advisable to eat more foods that have anti-breast cancer effects, such as seahorses, horseshoe crabs, cobra meat, sperm whale oil, toad meat, crabs, red clams, oysters, hawksbill turtle meat, kelp, asparagus, and agar.

2: It is advisable to eat more foods that can enhance immunity and prevent recurrence, including mulberry, kiwi, asparagus, pumpkin, coix seed, green beans, yam, shiitake mushrooms, dried shrimp, crab, herring, prawns, and snake.

3: If you have swelling, you should eat coix seed, loofah, red bean, taro, grapes, lychee, water chestnut, crucian carp, catfish, mackerel, kelp, loach, yellow catfish, and snails.

4: If you suffer from swelling, pain, or nipple retraction, you should eat fennel, chopped green onion, shrimp, sea dragon, sperm whale, tangerine cake, grapefruit, and horseshoe crab.

Postoperative care after breast cancer:

1. Supine position: After the blood pressure stabilizes, take a semi-recumbent position to facilitate drainage and improve respiratory function.

2. After the operation, a soft pillow should be placed on the affected shoulder, the affected limb should be elevated, and the wound should be bandaged with a belly band. However, attention should be paid to the blood supply to the distal end of the affected limb. If skin cyanosis, low skin temperature, and unclear pulse occur, it indicates that blood vessels are compressed. The tightness of the bandage should be adjusted in time, but it should not be too loose to prevent subcutaneous fluid accumulation and skin flap sliding that affect wound healing.

3. Care of drainage tube: In order to prevent fluid accumulation in the surgical wound cavity and infection caused by flap necrosis, negative pressure suction is often placed on the chest wall after surgery. It should be properly fixed to maintain continuous and effective negative pressure. The drainage bottle should be replaced daily and the shape, color and amount of the drainage fluid should be observed. Generally, 50 to 100 ml of bloody fluid is drained daily for 1 to 2 days after surgery, and then gradually reduced. 4 to 5 days after surgery, there is no fluid accumulation in the wound cavity and the wound skin is tightly attached, and the tube can be removed.

4. To prevent upper limb edema after surgery, the affected upper limb can be raised. Blood pressure measurement, injection and infusion should be avoided on the affected thigh.

5. Upper limb function exercise: The affected shoulder joint is immobilized within three days after surgery, but finger extension, fist clenching, and wrist flexion are allowed. Elbow joint activities can be performed four days after surgery, and shoulder activities can be performed on the fifth day. After the wound heals, the patient is guided to gradually increase shoulder function exercises, such as finger climbing wall exercises, combing the hair on the affected side, or combing the hair from the head to the contralateral auricle, etc., to restore upper limb function as much as possible.

6. Diet: If there is no anesthetic reaction within 6 hours after the operation, the patient can be given a normal diet and nutritional supplements to facilitate postoperative recovery.