The most detailed introduction to ovarian cancer staging

Do you know the stages of ovarian cancer? In recent years, we often hear about "ovarian cancer". The increasing incidence of this disease has made it a new killer of women's health. However, like most cancers, the cause of ovarian cancer is not clear. The following editor will introduce the details of ovarian cancer stages for you. Women should quickly catch up.

Many diseases have symptoms at different stages, and ovarian cancer is no exception. What is the significance of clinical staging of ovarian cancer? According to the different stages of ovarian cancer and the patient's own conditions, different treatment methods can be selected according to the symptoms. Ovarian cancer staging can be mainly divided into the following four stages: stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV. The following is a brief introduction to the differences between the various stages of ovarian cancer staging.

Phase I

Lesion location: limited to the ovary

For patients with advanced ovarian cancer with extensive metastasis, ideal results can still be achieved by performing tumor cell reduction surgery or massive resection combined with chemotherapy based on accurate ovarian cancer staging.

Stage Ⅰa: The lesion is limited to one ovary, the capsule is intact, there is no tumor on the surface, and there is no ascites;

Stage Ⅰb: The lesion is limited to both ovaries, the capsule is intact, there is no tumor on the surface, and there is no ascites;

Stage Ic: Stage Ia or Ib lesions have penetrated the surface of the ovary, or the capsule has ruptured, or malignant cells are found in the ascites or peritoneal washings.

Stage II

Lesion location: involving one or both ovaries, with pelvic metastasis

The accuracy of clinical surgical staging of ovarian cancer is easily affected by subjective factors, while abdominal and pelvic CT scans can make up for the shortcomings of surgical staging, and the accuracy of preoperative staging can reach 70 to 90 percent.

Stage IIa: The lesion extends or metastasizes to the uterus or fallopian tubes;

Stage IIb: The lesion extends to other pelvic tissues;

Stage Ⅱc: Stage Ⅱa or Ⅱb lesions, the tumor penetrates the surface of the ovary; or the capsule ruptures; or malignant cells are found in the ascites or peritoneal washings.

Stage III

Lesion location: Involving one or both ovaries, with implantation outside the pelvis or retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. Ovarian cancer stages:

Stage IIIa: The lesion is confined to the pelvic cavity, with negative lymph nodes, but there is an implanted tumor on the peritoneal surface of the abdominal cavity under microscopy;

Stage IIIb: The diameter of the peritoneal implant is less than 2 cm, and the lymph nodes are negative;

Stage IIIc: The diameter of the peritoneal implant is ≥ 2 cm, or it is accompanied by retroperitoneal or inguinal lymph node metastasis.

Stage IV

Lesion location: Distant metastasis

Malignant cells need to be found when ascites is present;

Liver metastasis (involving the liver parenchyma).

Warm reminder: According to the different stages of ovarian cancer, different treatment methods can be selected according to the patient's own conditions. Women should be alert to the occurrence of ovarian cancer. If signs of ovarian cancer are found, they must go to a regular hospital for treatment.