Diagnosis and nursing points of prostate cancer

In real life, in order to achieve better treatment effects for prostate cancer, scientific prostate cancer care is needed while treating prostate cancer, which is very important for the recovery of prostate cancer patients. So what are the key points for diagnosis and care of prostate cancer? Here are some common diagnosis and care points for prostate cancer.

Prostate Cancer Diagnosis:

(1) Rectal examination Rectal examination is very important for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. It may manifest as irregular prostate capsule and palpable hard stone-like masses. If it involves the seminal vesicle, it is highly suspicious. The masses vary in size and should be differentiated from prostate tuberculosis and stones.

(2) Acid phosphatase measurement This test should be performed 24 hours after rectal examination and urethral examination. 80% of prostate cancer patients with distant metastasis have elevated acid phosphatase, while 20% of patients without distant metastasis have elevated acid phosphatase. Therefore, a significant increase in serum acid phosphatase indicates the possibility of prostate cancer.

(3) Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement This test should be performed one week after rectal examination and urethral examination. Prostate-specific antigen is a more sensitive tumor marker than acid phosphatase and is of great significance for the diagnosis, clinical staging, efficacy observation, prognosis judgment and recurrence monitoring of prostate cancer.

(4) X-ray examination of the pelvis and lumbar spine is an important examination for diagnosing whether the cancer has metastasized. Sometimes, vasoconstriction can also be performed. Cystourethrography of prostate cancer shows a lack of normal prostate curves, accompanied by urethral stiffness and stenosis. When the bladder is invaded, irregular filling defects can be seen at the bottom of the bladder.

(5) Ultrasound examination B-ultrasound examination can reveal changes in the shape and displacement of the prostate, discontinuous and rough capsule reflection, and the appearance of light masses and dark areas inside the gland. It can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis.

(6) CT and MRI examinations have clear images, high resolution, and are safe and painless, making them an examination with diagnostic value.

(7) Biopsy The absolute diagnosis of prostate cancer depends on microscopic examination of tissue. Biopsy can make an early diagnosis when there are only local signs of induration before local spread and distant metastasis occurs. Biopsy is the most reliable test for diagnosing prostate cancer.

In general, the common prostate cancer care points are:

The first thing to care for prostate cancer is to have a correct diet principle. Don't eat blindly. You should choose a plant-based diet. Don't smoke or drink alcohol. Limit fat intake, and fat intake should not exceed 20% of total calorie intake. Don't eat junk food, and try to avoid saturated fat in your diet. Eat more fish, because fish is rich in certain beneficial fatty acids. Eat 7 to 9 meals of fruits and vegetables every day, and limit the intake of sugar and salt, which can prevent cancer and keep your heart healthy. Eat more fiber-rich foods, at least 30 grams a day. Eat soy products 1 to 2 times a day, which can be low-fat soy milk, tofu, soy protein powder, etc. Take adequate doses of calcium and vitamin D to prevent osteoporosis. This is an important aspect of prostate cancer care.

In addition to the above-mentioned important diet, patients should also develop the habit of regular exercise, which is also a common nursing point for prostate cancer. This is very helpful for physical recovery. Maintain a suitable weight and keep the body mass index (BMI) less than 30, body mass index = weight (kg) / height 2 (m2). Insist on physical exercise, and the amount of exercise should be appropriate. Physical activity plays a very important role in controlling weight, preserving muscles, keeping bones strong and reducing the incidence of heart disease. Insisting on physical activity can also help maintain the body's good balance, promote sleep, and reduce anxiety.