Surgical treatment of colorectal cancer

In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer in my country has been gradually increasing, ranking second among male cancers and third among female cancers. The 5-year survival rate of early colorectal cancer surgery exceeds 90%. Unfortunately, many colorectal cancer patients are already in the middle and late stages when they are discovered, missing the opportunity for treatment. Here is an introduction to the surgical treatment of colorectal cancer:

First of all, we need to know that according to the location of the cancer, surgery is divided into:

(I) Abdominoperineal combined radical resection of colorectal cancer:

It is suitable for colorectal cancer within 6 cm from the anus. The resection range includes the lower part of the sigmoid colon and the entire rectum, lymph nodes around the inferior mesenteric artery, anal levator muscles, fat in the ischiorectal fossa, 5 cm diameter of the anus and perianal skin, and the anal sphincter. A permanent artificial anus (colostomy) is made on the left lower abdominal wall at the proximal end of the sigmoid colon.

(II) Transabdominal colorectal cancer radical resection:

It is suitable for those whose distance from the anus is more than 7 cm. During the operation, enough large intestine can be left in the abdominal cavity to perform end-to-end anastomosis with the sigmoid colon, preserving the anal canal and anal sphincter.

The standard treatment of colorectal cancer adopts a comprehensive treatment centered on surgery. When colorectal cancer is discovered, surgical resection is the first choice. Although the tumor tissue is removed by surgery, some tumor cells may still remain. Therefore, after the tumor is completely removed, it is necessary to receive standardized radiotherapy, chemotherapy, traditional Chinese medicine treatment, immunotherapy, etc., which can reduce the chance of recurrence and metastasis after surgery.

Relying on the progress of modern surgical techniques, correct handling during the operation period and modern nutritional support therapy, the success rate of surgery can be effectively improved, and the mortality rate and complications can be reduced.