Will liver cancer rupture and bleeding recur?

Rupture and bleeding in liver cancer patients can be fatal. The mortality rate of liver disease is very high, especially rupture and bleeding in primary liver cancer, which is a serious and fatal common complication in liver cancer patients and one of the main causes of death in liver cancer patients. Due to the sudden and rapid onset of the disease, most patients die quickly.

1. Mechanism of rupture and bleeding in liver cancer

It is more common in nodular and mass-like liver cancer, especially in patients with cirrhosis. Diffuse liver cancer is rare. There are two types of ruptured hemorrhage in liver cancer: one is subcapsular bleeding, and the other is bleeding through the capsule into the abdominal cavity. The latter progresses rapidly and has a very high mortality rate.

2. Clinical manifestations of ruptured hemorrhage of liver cancer

1. General manifestations of liver cancer

Hepatomegaly, pain in the liver area, varicose veins of the abdominal wall, weight loss, low-grade fever, jaundice, elevated serum AFP, etc. Some patients have been diagnosed with liver cancer or are receiving treatment before liver cancer ruptures and bleeds, and a small number of patients have rupture and bleeding as the first symptom.

(II) Symptoms of ruptured hemorrhage of liver cancer

Subcapsular hemorrhage may present with sudden onset of liver pain, rapid enlargement of the right upper abdominal mass, tenderness in the liver area, and localized hypertrophy and tension, which may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, pale complexion, cold sweat, dizziness, palpitations, rapid pulse, and decreased blood pressure, which are manifestations of insufficient blood volume. If the ruptured liver cancer is small and the bleeding is slow, there may be no manifestation of insufficient blood volume, or only localized mild pain in the liver area, which will resolve on its own after 3-5 days.

If liver cancer ruptures and penetrates the capsule into the abdominal cavity, it will manifest as sudden severe pain in the upper abdomen, which will then subside and spread to the entire abdomen, accompanied by acute bleeding and peritonitis symptoms, such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, pale face, cold sweat, rapid pulse, tense abdominal muscles, positive shifting dullness, and the patient will quickly go into shock. The incidence of severe upper abdominal pain is 54% to 100%, the incidence of shock is 17% to 100%, and peritoneal irritation signs can reach more than 92%.

3. Diagnosis of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma

The diagnosis of ruptured hemorrhage of liver cancer is generally not difficult, especially when the diagnosis of liver cancer is clear and the amount of bleeding is large. If the amount of bleeding is small, the diagnosis is more difficult. Liver cancer patients with a history of cirrhosis should be alert to the possibility of this disease when they suddenly experience right upper abdominal pain or hemorrhagic shock and diffuse peritonitis after exertion. Diagnostic abdominal puncture, CT, B-ultrasound and other examinations, especially diagnostic abdominal puncture, are of great significance in the diagnosis of this disease.