Four common types of laryngeal cancer

Laryngeal cancer accounts for more than 90% of laryngeal malignancies, which seriously threatens people's normal life and health. We must make sure to detect and treat it early to protect our health. The following are 4 common types of laryngeal cancer.

Carcinoma in situ

The lesions of carcinoma in situ mostly occur in the vocal cords and ventricular cords. The local changes are mild, and mucosal congestion, edema, and thickening can be seen. Keratosis and leukoplakia may sometimes occur. Atypical cell infiltration and poorly differentiated squamous cells can be seen under the microscope.

Squamous cell carcinoma

This type of laryngeal cancer manifests as cauliflower type, invasive type and ulcer type. Subglottic cancer is mostly invasive type, glottic cancer is more differentiated, and supraglottic cancer is more likely to be less differentiated.

Verrucous carcinoma

Verrucous carcinoma is a special type of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, accounting for 1% to 4% of laryngeal malignancies. Its clinical manifestations are local invasion, fungus-like masses, and no cervical lymph node metastasis. The histological characteristics are well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, which is like a thick needle and invades into the laryngeal matrix in a pushing manner. Surgical treatment is more effective than radiotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma includes adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, etc., which often occur in the subglottic or supraglottic area. Adenocarcinoma progresses slowly and can be treated with surgical resection and radiotherapy. Most adenocarcinomas have a poor prognosis. Cystic adenocarcinomas tend to infiltrate around the nerves, and patients often experience severe pain. This type of laryngeal cancer usually metastasizes to the lungs and bones, and lymph node metastasis is rare.