Complications after bladder cancer surgery

Complications after bladder cancer surgery? Bladder cancer refers to a variety of malignant tumors originating from the bladder, that is, there is a large number of abnormal cells that proliferate without control. What are the complications of bladder cancer? Clinically, bladder cancer can be complicated by a variety of complications, the most common of which are bladder cancer pain, persistent hematuria, and urinary retention. The transfer pathways of bladder tumors include lymphatics, blood circulation, indirect separation, and indirect implantation of tumor cells. Lymphatic transfer is the most common pathway. Bladder cancer can be transferred to the internal iliac, external iliac, and obturator lymph nodes, or to the common iliac lymph nodes. Some people point out that the internal iliac and obturator lymph nodes are the first stop lymph nodes for bladder cancer transfer. What are the complications of bladder cancer?

1. Common complications of bladder cancer

Bladder cancer pain, severe hematuria, urinary retention, etc. The metastatic pathways of bladder tumors include lymphatic, bloodstream, direct diffusion, and direct implantation of tumor cells. Lymphatic metastasis is the most common pathway. Bladder cancer can metastasize to the internal iliac, external iliac, and obturator lymph nodes, or to the common iliac lymph nodes. Some people point out that the internal iliac and obturator lymph nodes are the first lymph nodes for bladder cancer metastasis.

Bladder cancer metastasis via blood flow is common in advanced cases, most commonly in the liver, followed by the lungs and bones. Skin, adrenal glands, kidneys, pancreas, heart, testicles, salivary glands, ovaries, muscles and gastrointestinal tract have all been reported, but they are all in the minority.

Direct spread of bladder cancer often occurs in the prostate or posterior urethra. Bladder cancer can extend outside the bladder and adhere to the pelvic cavity to form a fixed mass, or spread to the mucosa at the top of the bladder.

Direct implantation of tumor cells from bladder cancer can occur during surgery, with masses forming at the bladder incision or under the skin incision after surgery. Recurrence of tumors in the bladder or the appearance of multiple tumors is also partly due to implantation of tumor cells. The appearance of tumors in the urethral stump after radical cystectomy may also be the result of surgical implantation.

Second, complications after bladder cancer surgery

Bleeding, pelvic infection, rectal injury, anuria, wound rupture.

Complications after radiotherapy for bladder cancer

Frequent urination, urgency, pain when urinating, hematuria, bloody stool, tenesmus, rectal stenosis or rectal perforation, intestinal adhesions, intestinal obstruction, and small intestinal perforation.

Complications of intra-arterial chemotherapy for bladder cancer

Persistent burning pain in the buttocks or thighs, ruptured blood vessels.