Observation and nursing of complications after laryngeal cancer surgery

With the continuous development of science, people have gradually increased their requirements for the prevention and monitoring of complications after laryngeal cancer surgery. In order to keep the throat wound clean and dry, prevent complications such as aspiration infection, swallowing leakage, and breathing difficulties, and to effectively maintain the body's physiological needs, it is necessary to rely on nasogastric tube nutrition to supplement various nutrients, or inject drugs for necessary treatment.

Prevention and care of complications

Complications caused by nasogastric feeding nutrition: tube blockage, tube dislocation, aspiration, misplacement, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, water and electrolyte imbalance, nasal infection, bad breath, etc.

1. Various factors may cause nasogastric tube blockage, such as: food is too concentrated, physical and chemical reactions between food and medicine form agglomerates, and unground medicine is injected. Treatment of nasogastric tube blockage:

(1) Before and after each meal, the nasogastric tube must be flushed with 20 to 30 ml of warm water. After confirming that the position of the nasogastric tube is normal, the blocked nasogastric tube can also be flushed with pancreatic enzymes to make it unblocked.

(2) When injecting drugs, grind the solid drugs into powder and inject them separately. Rinse once with 5 ml of warm water after each drug is injected.

(3) Prevention of nasogastric tube blockage: Water is the best cleaning agent. A 50ml syringe can be used for each injection. Food should not be too concentrated. When injecting drugs, do not mix them with food, and pay attention to the incompatibility of drugs. Rinse acidic drugs with warm water before and after injection to prevent blockage or corrosion of the nasogastric tube wall.

2. Aspiration. Because the normal anatomy of the pharynx is destroyed, the swallowing function is changed, and the long-term catheterization relaxes the cardia sphincter, the gastric contents reflux, which can easily cause aspiration and even aspiration pneumonia. The patient's sudden cough, tachycardia, and difficulty breathing are symptoms of aspiration.

Aspiration treatment: If aspiration occurs, stop eating immediately and use a suction device to suck out the aspirated food. At the same time, lie on the right side with the head down to prevent further reflux and pulmonary aspiration, and also facilitate the expulsion of aspirated material into the trachea. Pay attention to breathing conditions and use antibiotics in time if there is a lung infection.