About colorectal cancer care program

The occurrence of colorectal cancer is a gradual process, involving the activation of multiple oncogenes and the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. From an epidemiological point of view, the incidence of colon cancer is related to genetics, environment, lifestyle, and especially diet. There are also many ways to care for colorectal cancer. Let's take a look.

1. Environmental and dietary factors: Among various environmental factors, dietary factors are the most important. The incidence of rectal cancer is positively correlated with the high-fat and low-fiber consumption in food. In addition, it may also be related to the lack of trace elements and changes in living habits. 2. Genetic factors: If a person's first-degree relatives, such as parents, have had rectal cancer, his risk of developing the disease is much higher than that of ordinary people. Many new patients have a family history of colorectal cancer. 3. Colorectal adenoma: According to statistics, the incidence of colorectal cancer in patients with a single adenoma is several times higher than that of patients without adenoma, and the incidence of patients with multiple adenomas is much higher than that of patients with a single adenoma. Villous adenomatous polyps are prone to develop into cancer and malignant transformation, and tubular adenomatous polyps are malignant transformation.

Chronic colorectal inflammation: Chronic inflammation of the intestine may also lead to cancer. For example, the risk of colon cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis is dozens of times higher than that of ordinary people. The general types of high-risk groups: mass type, ulcer type, and infiltrative type. Histological classification: Adenocarcinoma, mucinous carcinoma are poorly differentiated and have a poor prognosis. Undifferentiated cancer easily invades small blood vessels and lymphatic vessels and has the worst prognosis. Others, such as adenosquamous carcinoma, have the following diffusion and metastasis methods: direct infiltration: generally infiltrates in a ring shape along the horizontal axis of the intestinal tract and develops into the deep layer of the intestinal wall, and spreads slowly up and down along the longitudinal axis. After the cancer invades the serosa, it often adheres to the surrounding tissues, adjacent organs, and peritoneum. Lymphatic metastasis: It is the main metastasis method of colorectal cancer. It generally spreads from near to far, but there are also non-sequential leap metastases. After the tumor invades the muscular layer of the intestinal wall, the probability of lymphatic metastasis increases. If the subserous lymphatic vessels are invaded, the chance of lymphatic metastasis is even greater. Hematogenous metastasis: Generally, cancer cells or cancer emboli first reach the liver along the portal vein system, and then reach other tissues and organs such as the lungs, brain, and bones.