my country's colorectal cancer screening program

The high-risk factors for colorectal cancer in my country may include genetic susceptibility factors, personal history of environmental factors, and precancerous symptoms (chronic constipation, diarrhea, bloody stools, and history of appendicitis). The screening methods for the high-risk population for colorectal cancer in my country are as follows.

① Fecal occult blood test is an easily accepted method, but it is easy to miss the diagnosis, especially for early patients;

② Colonoscopy should be the gold standard for screening. In addition to resource support, it also requires the cooperation of the examinee and professionals for colonoscopy;

③ Barium enema or spiral CT simulated colonoscopy is often accepted by those who are not suitable for colonoscopy, but this method lacks pathological examination;

④The sensitivity and specificity of fecal DNA testing still deserve further study.

The screening process mainly involves initial screening of high-risk groups through questionnaires, followed by colonoscopy screening of high-risk groups. High-risk subjects undergo colonoscopy, and those with positive results are treated according to treatment principles, while those with negative results undergo annual fecal occult blood tests. If a tumor is detected, it is treated according to tumor treatment principles; if polyps are detected, colonoscopy is repeated every 3 to 5 years after removal. There are still some issues to be resolved in the screening of rectal cancer, such as screening compliance, the prospects of stool DNA testing, and the possible prospects of serological testing for screening, which require further research and exploration.

Tips: People at high risk of colorectal cancer

For patients aged ≥ 40 years, those with one of the following are considered high-risk patients:

① Positive fecal occult blood test by immunoassay;

②First-degree relatives have a history of rectal cancer;

③The individual has a history of cancer or intestinal polyps;

④ Those who have two or more of the following conditions at the same time: chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, bloody stools with mucus, history of adverse life events and history of chronic appendicitis.