4 common types of hereditary kidney cancer in clinical practice

Renal cancer is a common tumor in urology and has a certain relationship with genetics. Common hereditary renal cancers in clinical practice mainly include hereditary papillary renal cancer, hereditary tumor syndrome, BHD syndrome and hereditary leiomyomatosis, accounting for about 4% of all renal cancers.

1. Hereditary papillary renal carcinoma

The pathological types of hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma are all type I papillary renal cell carcinoma, most of which are bilateral multiple renal cell carcinomas, with a later age of onset and a slower progression. It is generally recommended to perform tumor resection when the tumor is large.

2. Hereditary tumor syndrome

According to statistics, the incidence of renal cancer in hereditary tumor syndrome is as high as 28%-45%. The pathological types are all clear cell carcinomas, mostly bilateral multiple renal cancers, which progress slowly and metastasize late. It is generally believed that clinical observation can be performed when the tumor is small, and surgery can be performed when the tumor diameter is greater than 3cm. Try to preserve the remaining kidney during the operation.

3. BHD syndrome

15%-25% of BHD syndrome patients have renal tumors, including oncocytoma, chromophobe cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma and papillary carcinoma, and renal cysts may also occur. Chromophobe cell carcinoma is the most common renal malignant tumor, followed by clear cell carcinoma.

4. Hereditary leiomyomatosis

Hereditary leiomyoma renal cancer is an autosomal dominant genetic disease, and the pathological type of this type of renal cancer is mostly type II papillary renal cancer. It often occurs on one side, at an early age, and is highly invasive.