Analysis of the causes of colon cancer

The incidence of colon cancer is increasing year by year. Epidemiological studies have shown that the onset of colon cancer is related to genetics, environment, lifestyle, and especially diet. The occurrence of colon cancer is a gradual process involving the activation of multiple oncogenes and the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.

Studies have shown that among various environmental factors, dietary factors are the most important, and the incidence of colon cancer is positively correlated with high fat consumption in the food.

From the perspective of genetic factors, if a person's first-degree relative has had colon cancer, then the risk of this person is 8 times higher than that of an ordinary person. Familial colon polyposis is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. If it is not treated, the patient's chance of developing colon cancer after the age of 10 will greatly increase.

The study of autopsy materials of patients with colon cancer found that the incidence of colorectal adenoma is basically the same as that of colon cancer. The incidence of colorectal cancer in patients with a single adenoma is 5 times higher than that in patients without adenoma.

It is reported that the prevalence of colon cancer is positively correlated with the prevalence of schistosomiasis. Generally speaking, inflammatory changes in the intestine caused by schistosomiasis may lead to cancer. Other chronic intestinal inflammations may also lead to cancer. For example, the risk of colon cancer in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis is 30 times that of ordinary people.