Which diseases should lung cancer be differentiated from?

What diseases should lung cancer be differentiated from? The diagnosis of lung cancer, especially early diagnosis, is of great significance to the treatment of lung cancer. Due to the different conditions of lung cancer such as tumor location, pathological type and early or late course, the clinical symptoms and X-ray signs are also varied, and it is easy to be confused with other lung diseases. So what diseases should lung cancer be differentiated from? Let our experts introduce it to you in detail below.

Diseases that should be differentiated from lung cancer:

1. Pulmonary inflammation

1. Bronchopneumonia Obstructive pneumonia caused by early lung cancer is easily misdiagnosed as bronchopneumonia. Bronchopneumonia generally has an acute onset, with obvious infection symptoms such as fever and chills. After antibacterial treatment, the symptoms disappear quickly and the lung lesions are also absorbed quickly. If the inflammation is absorbed slowly or recurs, further in-depth examination should be conducted.

2. Lung abscess When the central part of lung cancer necrotizes and liquefies to form a cancerous cavity, the X-ray signs are easily confused with lung abscess. Cases of lung abscess often have a history of aspiration pneumonia. In the acute phase, there are obvious symptoms of infection, with a large amount of sputum, purulent and smelly. On X-ray films, the cavity wall is thin, the inner wall is smooth, and there is a fluid level. The lung tissue or pleura around the abscess often have inflammatory lesions. During bronchography, the contrast agent can often enter the cavity, and is often accompanied by bronchiectasis.

(ii) Other chest tumors

1. Benign lung tumors Benign lung tumors sometimes need to be differentiated from peripheral lung cancer. Benign lung tumors generally do not present clinical symptoms, grow slowly, and have a long course of disease. On X-rays, they appear as nearly circular masses with calcification points, neat contours, clear boundaries, and are often non-lobed.

2. Solitary metastatic lung cancer Solitary metastatic lung cancer is difficult to distinguish from primary peripheral lung cancer. Differential diagnosis mainly relies on detailed medical history and symptoms and signs of the primary cancer. Pulmonary metastatic cancer generally presents less respiratory symptoms and blood in sputum, and it is difficult to find cancer cells in sputum cytology.

3. Mediastinal tumors Central lung cancer may sometimes be confused with mediastinal tumors. Diagnostic artificial pneumothorax helps to identify the location of the tumor. Mediastinal tumors rarely cause hemoptysis, and sputum cytology cannot find cancer cells. Bronchoscopy and bronchography are helpful for differential diagnosis. Mediastinal lymphoma is more common in young patients, often with bilateral lesions, and may have systemic symptoms such as fever.

3. Pulmonary tuberculosis

1. Pulmonary tuberculoma is easily confused with peripheral lung cancer. Pulmonary tuberculoma is more common in young patients. The lesions are often located in the tip, posterior segment or dorsal segment of the upper lobe. Generally, the growth is not obvious, the course of the disease is long, and the density of the block shadow is uneven on the X-ray film. Sparse translucent areas can be seen, often with calcification points, smooth edges, clear boundaries, and there are often scattered tuberculosis lesions in the lungs.

2. The X-ray signs of miliary tuberculosis are similar to those of diffuse bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Miliary tuberculosis is common in young people, with obvious systemic toxic symptoms such as fever and night sweats. Anti-tuberculosis drug treatment can improve symptoms and the lesions will gradually absorb.

3. Hilar mass shadows of hilar lymph node tuberculosis on X-rays may be misdiagnosed as central lung cancer. Hilar lymph node tuberculosis is common in young people, often with symptoms of tuberculosis infection, rarely with hemoptysis, and the tuberculin test is often positive. Anti-tuberculosis drug treatment has a good effect. It is worth mentioning that lung cancer can coexist with pulmonary tuberculosis in a few patients. Since there are no special clinical manifestations and X-ray signs are easily ignored, clinicians are often satisfied with the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and ignore the coexisting cancerous lesions, which often delays the early diagnosis of lung cancer. Therefore, for middle-aged and older pulmonary tuberculosis patients, if there are mass shadows in the pulmonary tuberculosis lesions or other lung fields, the lung lesions have not improved after anti-tuberculosis drug treatment, the mass shadows have increased or are accompanied by atelectasis of the lung segment or lobe, and the shadow of one side of the hilum has widened, it should arouse a high degree of suspicion of the coexistence of tuberculosis and lung cancer, and further sputum cytology and bronchoscopy are necessary.

The above is an introduction to the diseases that should be differentiated from lung cancer and their specific differentiation methods. I believe you have already understood them and hope that this will be helpful to you. If you have any other questions, please consult our online experts, who will answer your questions in detail. Feihua Health Network wishes you good health!

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