Question: What are the diagnostic methods for brain cancer?

Brain cancer is a malignant tumor in the brain, and the mortality rate of this disease is very high. So far, the cause of brain cancer has not been thoroughly studied. In daily life, go for regular physical examinations and always pay attention to whether your body has signs of brain cancer. If there are some reactions, you need to find out what is causing the discomfort. To confirm whether it is brain cancer, you need to go to the hospital for specific examinations, check your blood test indicators, CEA, CA125, and do MRI and other examinations to confirm the diagnosis.

1 Fundus examination

Observe whether there is optic nerve head edema. b. Optic nerve head edema is a sign of increased intracranial pressure. It is called the "three symptoms" of increased intracranial pressure together with headache and vomiting. However, it is only seen in one-quarter of patients. Therefore, the possibility of brain tumor cannot be simply ruled out based on a negative eye examination.

2. Skull X-ray

It helps to understand whether there is increased intracranial pressure, local destruction or hyperplasia of the skull, whether the sella turcica is enlarged, the displacement of pineal calcification and pathological calcification in the brain tumor, etc. It is helpful for positioning and qualitative diagnosis, but the positive rate of X-ray films is less than one-third, so brain tumors cannot be ruled out due to negative films.

3. Electroencephalogram

It is valuable for locating fast-growing brain tumors in the cerebral hemispheres, where the amplitude and frequency of the affected side can be seen to be reduced, but it is not very helpful for diagnosing brain tumors in the midline, deep in the hemisphere, and infratentorially. The EEG topography developed after the 1970s can graphically display the location and range of intracranial lesions and is more sensitive to the diagnosis of brain tumors than conventional EEG. Its main manifestation is abnormal slow wave power in the tumor area and around the tumor area, which is an effective screening method before CT examination.

4 Brain CT scan

The detection rate of brain tumors can reach over 90%. The size, shape, number, location, density and nature of the lesions can be easily displayed, and the anatomical relationship is clear. It is currently the main diagnostic method for brain tumors.

5 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

It can show the vast majority of intracranial tumors and peritumoral edema, and can accurately show the location, size, and shape of the tumor. It is an important additional examination method for CT, especially for tumors of the skull base and brain stem close to the bones, such as benign astrocytomas on the tentorium, which can show autologous abnormalities, making up for the missed diagnosis of CT without abnormal findings. Therefore, MRI is more suitable for early diagnosis.

6 Biochemical test

For patients with pituitary tumors, especially those with excessive secretion of anterior pituitary hormones, blood biochemical tests can be used to confirm the condition. Prolactin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, gonadotropin, etc. can be tested to clarify the nature of pituitary disease. Among them, prolactinoma is the most common, accounting for about 50%, followed by growth hormone adenoma and adrenocorticotropic hormone adenoma.

In the past, the diagnosis of brain tumors mainly relied on clinical symptoms, physical signs, neurological examinations, and positive results of X-ray head radiographs. Currently, head CT scans or magnetic resonance imaging are used, with a detection rate of over 90%, and can be as high as 99.7%, which helps to detect the disease early. Diagnosis of brain tumors must include localization diagnosis and qualitative diagnosis, so that a comprehensive judgment can be made and effective treatment measures can be determined.

The above is the diagnostic method of brain cancer. Experts suggest: If you have symptoms of disease, do not delay diagnosis and go to a regular hospital for treatment in time to avoid delaying the disease and causing serious consequences. If you have other questions, please consult our online experts or call for consultation. I wish you health and happiness!

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