What is the spread and metastasis of liver cancer?

In recent years, liver cancer has become one of the major diseases that endangers society and human health, and it has brought great pain and distress to humans. In order to reduce the incidence of liver cancer, we humans should understand the spread and metastasis of liver cancer:

1. Hematogenous metastasis: Intrahepatic hematogenous metastasis occurs earliest and is the most common. It can invade the portal vein and form tumor thrombi. Tumor thrombi that fall off in the liver can cause multiple metastatic lesions. Tumor thrombi that block the main trunk of the portal vein can cause portal hypertension and refractory ascites. After invading the hepatic vein, liver cancer cells can enter the systemic circulation and metastasize outside the liver. The lung metastasis rate is the highest. It can also metastasize to various parts of the body through the blood, and organs such as the adrenal glands, bones, kidneys, and brain are more common. Hematogenous metastasis is common in hepatocellular carcinoma.

2. Lymphatic metastasis: Local metastasis to the hepatic hilar lymph nodes is the most common, and it can also metastasize to the supraclavicular, para-aortic, pancreatic, splenic and other lymph nodes. Lymphatic metastasis is the most common metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma. Lymphatic metastasis only accounts for 12.6% of the total metastasis.

3. Implantation metastasis: It occurs occasionally, such as implantation in the retroperitoneum to form bloody ascites. Women may also have ovarian metastatic cancer.

4. Direct infiltration: Liver cancer generally rarely directly infiltrates adjacent organs, but occasionally it can directly spread and infiltrate adjacent tissues and organs, such as the diaphragm, stomach, colon, omentum, etc.

5. Surgery for patients with metastatic disease is not very meaningful if there is a concern that the toxic side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy will cause greater harm to the patient's already weak body.

The above is the spread and metastasis of liver cancer. Expert Tips: If you have symptoms of disease, do not delay diagnosis and go to a regular hospital for treatment in time to avoid delaying the disease and causing serious consequences. If you have other questions, please consult our online experts or call for consultation. I wish you health and happiness!

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