Take care of yourself and prevent lung cancer

In recent years, lung cancer has become one of the major diseases that endangers society and human health, and it has brought great pain and distress to humans. In order to reduce the incidence of lung cancer, we humans should master the knowledge of lung cancer care. The following is a brief introduction to the knowledge of how to care for lung cancer:

(1) Daily care

1. Prevention of bedsores: Lung cancer patients in the advanced stage generally have poor nutritional status, sometimes with systemic edema, which makes bedsores very easy to develop, and they spread rapidly and are difficult to cure. It is particularly important to prevent bedsores. Reduce local pressure, change body positions on time, and use air rings, soft pillows, etc. to cushion the parts of the body that are prone to pressure to avoid long-term pressure. Keep the skin clean, especially for patients with incontinence, keep the bed clean and flat, and use a baking lamp to irradiate the broken skin to keep the local area dry.

2. Relieve symptoms: Fever is one of the main symptoms of lung cancer. Patients should be advised to keep warm and prevent colds to avoid pneumonia. For irritating coughs, cough suppressants can be given. When patients have persistent coughs at night, they can drink hot water to relieve irritation in the throat. If there is coughing up blood, hemostatic drugs should be given. When coughing up blood in large quantities, notify the doctor immediately, tilt the patient's head to one side, clear the blood in the mouth in time to prevent suffocation, and assist the doctor in rescue.

3. Observation and care of the condition: Lung cancer patients in the advanced stage often have metastasis of the tumor to different parts, causing different symptoms. They should be observed and given corresponding care. For example, liver and brain metastasis may cause sudden coma, convulsions, and blurred vision. Nursing staff should promptly detect and give symptomatic treatment. Bone metastasis patients should strengthen limb protection. Abdominal metastasis often causes intestinal obstruction. Patients should be observed for symptoms such as abdominal distension and abdominal pain. Due to weakness, fatigue, reduced activity and other reasons, patients often suffer from constipation. Enemas or laxatives should be given in time to relieve constipation. Edema may occur due to malnutrition and low plasma protein. Edema should be reduced by increasing nutrition and raising the affected limb.

4. Psychological care: Patients with advanced lung cancer may experience anxiety, fear, sadness, and often feel indifferent and lonely. We must have a high degree of sympathy and responsibility, and strive to create a warm and harmonious recuperation environment for patients, place them in single rooms, speak in a friendly and sincere manner, encourage patients to express their psychological feelings, provide timely guidance, and actively introduce information about the improvement of their condition to patients.

The nursing care for patients with advanced lung cancer is mainly to control symptoms, relieve the pain of patients, create a comfortable recuperation environment for them, and give them the greatest spiritual support and psychological comfort. In addition, anti-cancer Chinese medicine can be used for conditioning. Although Western medicine has a fast effect, it is extremely unstable, prone to relapse, and has great side effects. It is easy to develop drug resistance and only treats the symptoms but not the root cause.

(2) Postoperative care

After lung cancer surgery, patients should be prohibited from smoking to avoid promoting recurrence. If there is a decline in lung function, patients should be guided to gradually increase their exercise.

After the operation, you should always pay attention to the patient's recovery. If there is a recurrence, you should go to the hospital immediately to consult a doctor to decide whether to undergo radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung is prone to invade local areas and cause recurrence in the chest cavity after surgery.

Lung adenocarcinoma or undifferentiated carcinoma is prone to distant metastasis, such as metastasis to lymph nodes, bones, liver, brain and contralateral lung.

Always pay attention to whether the patient has fever, severe cough, blood in sputum, shortness of breath, chest pain, headache, vision changes, liver pain, bone pain, supraclavicular lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, etc. If the above symptoms are found, go to the hospital in time. At the same time, the patient should go to the hospital regularly for chest X-ray examination and keep fresh sputum to check for cancer cells.

(3) Psychological care

1Psychological counseling

Patients with advanced lung cancer are psychologically and physiologically fragile, especially when they are just diagnosed. It is difficult for patients and their families to accept the diagnosis. When admitted to the hospital, nurses should take the initiative to care for and comfort patients, introduce the ward environment to them, and introduce

The attending physician and attending nurse should eliminate the patient's sense of unfamiliarity and tension, reduce the patient's fear of hospitalization, help the patient make friends with other patients, guide the family members to provide strong support in spirit and life, grasp the patient's psychological changes in a timely manner, and adopt various forms of psychological counseling for the patient.

1.1 Use language arts to comfort patients

Nurses should treat patients sincerely, be natural when talking, show concern and sympathy for patients, ask for the help patients need, make patients trust nurses, and confide their inner changes to nurses. Nurses can capture information in time through talking with patients, give appropriate psychological care at the right time to eliminate patients' concerns, stabilize their emotions, inspire patients to increase their confidence in treatment, and actively and optimistically cooperate with medical care.

1.2 Establish a good nurse-patient relationship

Establishing a good nurse-patient relationship is the prerequisite for timely and effective psychological counseling. Therefore, nurses should communicate with patients frequently. They should shorten the distance between themselves and patients through chatting, listen patiently to patients' statements, and use the knowledge they have learned to appropriately explain the condition [1]. They should understand the feelings and emotional changes hidden in the patient's language through conversation and take effective psychological care in a timely manner.

2. Satisfy patients’ psychological needs

Many needs of patients with advanced cancer are restricted, which in turn affects their emotions and behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully observe the patients' needs and meet their various needs.

2.1 Survival needs

Survival is the strongest need of cancer patients. They are eager to continue to feel the value of life and need people's understanding and support. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a good nurse-patient relationship with patients and their families, encourage family members and relatives to be considerate and caring to patients, visit patients frequently, and make patients feel warm. As medical staff, especially department directors and head nurses, they should also visit patients frequently and encourage them, so that patients feel that in this extraordinary big family of the hospital, there is warmth and care everywhere, so that they can strengthen their confidence in overcoming the disease and actively cooperate with treatment.

2.2 Physiological needs

The biggest characteristic of patients with advanced lung cancer is dyspnea and worsening breathlessness, which leads to a low quality of life for patients. Many patients experience irritability, anger, pessimism, insomnia, and even suicidal tendencies. Nurses should promptly understand the dynamic changes in patients' thoughts, discover problems in a timely manner, and give corresponding treatment. For example: A female patient, 64 years old, was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer when she was admitted to the hospital. After 1a of repeated treatment, her condition did not improve. One side of the lung was consolidating, and the other side only had two-thirds of lung function, accompanied by pericardial effusion. The patient coughed, had worsening breathlessness, was irritable, had poor sleep, and was extremely emotionally unstable, and her quality of life could not be guaranteed. When chatting with the patient, it was found that the patient's quality of life was extremely low due to recurring illness and the development of the disease affecting sleep. The patient lost confidence in treatment and exposed suicidal tendencies. The nurse promptly enlightened the patient, introduced to the patient the optimistic attitude towards life of patients with the same disease, encouraged the patient to give up any concerns as much as possible and seek spiritual support; provided timely nursing care, taught the patient several hypnosis techniques, such as counting beads, listening to light music, etc., and gave symptomatic treatment, so that the patient got rid of the pain of insomnia, regained his spirits and actively cooperated with the treatment.

(4)Diet care

1. Lung cancer patients who do not have difficulty swallowing should be free to choose their food. Without affecting treatment, they should eat more foods rich in protein and carbohydrates to improve the quality of their diet and create good conditions for surgery. If the nutritional status is poor, it is difficult to tolerate the trauma of surgery, postoperative healing is slow, and infection is easy to occur, which is not conducive to surgical recovery.

2. The diet should contain various nutrients necessary for the human body. When the calorie supply is sufficient, protein nutrition can be supplemented to promote muscle protein synthesis. When the calorie supply is insufficient, branched-chain amino acids can also provide more heat energy. There are many types of elemental diets. When using them, start with low concentrations. If taken orally, pay attention to drinking slowly. Because elemental diets are hypertonic solutions, drinking too quickly can easily cause diarrhea and vomiting.

3. Postoperative diet adjustment: Postoperative diet should be adjusted according to the condition. Because surgical trauma can cause dysfunction of the digestive system, do not rush to choose food and take supplements. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin C, which is a cancer inhibitor that can block the formation of cancer cells. In addition, garlic also contains anti-cancer substances. Develop good living and eating habits, have regular physical examinations, and get timely diagnosis and treatment.

(5) Common knowledge on home care for lung cancer patients

In addition to observing whether the patient has abnormal conditions such as cough, sputum, hemoptysis, chest pain, chest tightness, dyspnea, fever, etc., special attention should be paid to whether the patient has dysphagia, hoarseness, edema of the head, neck and upper limbs, or ptosis of the upper eyelid. If dysphagia occurs, it indicates that the tumor has invaded or compressed the esophagus.

If hoarseness occurs, it indicates that the tumor is directly or indirectly compressing the recurrent laryngeal nerve; if edema of the head, neck and upper limbs, congestion and varicose veins in the chest occur, accompanied by headache, dizziness or vertigo, it indicates the occurrence of superior vena cava compression syndrome; if ptosis of the upper eyelid, enophthalmos, constricted pupil, and loss of sweating on the forehead and upper chest occur on the same side as the lung tumor, it indicates the occurrence of Horner syndrome.

The above is the common sense about lung cancer care for patients. We hope that patients can take good care of their bodies. In short, once diagnosed with lung cancer, you must have the courage to face reality, maintain a good mental health, and actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment. At the same time, understand the necessary daily health care and preventive measures to avoid complications. It is recommended that patients and their families keep in touch with experts in this field and consult regularly to get the best health care. If you have any questions, you can consult our online experts. I wish you health and happiness!

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