Beware! Classification of kidney cancer

In recent years, kidney cancer has become one of the major diseases that endangers society and human health, and it has brought great pain and distress to humans. In order to reduce the incidence of kidney cancer, we humans should master the classification of kidney cancer:

1. Conventional or clear cell renal carcinoma is the most common type, accounting for 70% to 80% of renal cell carcinoma. Under the microscope, the tumor cells are large, round or polygonal, with abundant cytoplasm, transparent or granular, and the stroma is rich in capillaries and blood sinusoids (Figure 11-23). ​​Most cases of this type are sporadic, and a few are familial and accompanied by VHL syndrome. The occurrence of this type of renal carcinoma is related to changes in the VHL gene.

2. Papillary carcinoma accounts for 10% to 15% of renal cell carcinoma. It includes two types: basophils and eosinophils. The tumor cells are cuboidal or short columnar and arranged in a papillary shape. Sand bodies and foam cells are common in the axial stroma of the papilla, and edema may occur. This type also includes familial and sporadic types. The occurrence of papillary renal carcinoma has no obvious relationship with VHL. The cytogenetic changes of sporadic papillary renal carcinoma are mainly trisomy of chromosomes 7, 16 and 17 and loss of chromosome Y in male patients [t(X,1)], while the changes of familial papillary renal carcinoma are mainly trisomy of chromosome 7. The occurrence of familial clear cell carcinoma is related to the mutation of the proto-oncogene MET located on chromosome 7.

3. Chromophobe carcinoma accounts for about 5% of renal cell carcinoma. Under the microscope, the cells are of different sizes, with light-stained or slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, relatively concentrated cytoplasm near the cell membrane, and often with a halo around the nucleus. This type of tumor may originate from the collecting tubule epithelial cells and has a good prognosis. Cytogenetic examination often shows multiple chromosome deletions and severe hypodiploidy. The deleted chromosomes include chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 10, 13, 17 or 21.

Other types of renal cancer include collecting duct carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma, unclassified. The former is less common, accounting for less than 1% of renal cancer. The latter includes renal cancer that cannot be classified into the above categories, accounting for about 3% to 5% of renal cell carcinoma.

The above is the classification of kidney cancer. Expert Tips: If you have symptoms of disease, do not delay diagnosis and go to a regular hospital for treatment in time to avoid delaying the disease and causing serious consequences. If you have other questions, please consult our online experts or call for consultation. I wish you health and happiness!

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