Congenital choroidal coloboma

The main function of the choroid in the eyeball is to prevent light entering the eye from interfering with the normal function of the eye, so the function of the choroid in the eyeball is indispensable. However, there are people with congenital choroidal coloboma, and their vision problems are very serious. Congenital choroidal coloboma can also be observed through some reactions on the eyeball, so how should congenital choroidal coloboma be treated?

Choroidal coloboma manifestations

Clinical manifestations

There are two types of choroidal coloboma: typical and atypical. Typical choroidal coloboma occurs in both eyes, but occasionally in one eye. The defect area lacks choroid and retinal pigment epithelium. The size and morphology of the defect area vary greatly. It is usually an upright obtuse triangle, shield or ellipse. The defect area has clear edges and often has irregular pigmentation. The surface of the grayish white defect area is smooth, and sometimes scattered brown spots can be seen, indicating that the brown plate of the sclera still remains. Atypical choroidal coloboma is rare. It usually occurs in one eye and is often isolated in any area of ​​the fundus. The sclera is exposed, slightly sunken, and has pigmentation, which is the same as the typical one. Some people believe that macular coloboma is an atypical choroidal coloboma.

Choroidal coloboma may be accompanied by other congenital eye abnormalities such as microphthalmia, microcornea, and partial iris defect.

Disease classification

ophthalmology

Disease Description Choroidal coloboma can be divided into typical and atypical types.

Symptoms and signs

Typical choroidal coloboma occurs in both eyes and is located below the optic disc or includes the optic disc. The defect area appears to be without choroid, and the white sclera can be seen through the thin retina. The edges are mostly neat and pigmented, and are often accompanied by microphthalmia, iris abnormalities, optic nerve abnormalities, lens defects, and abnormal macular development. Atypical cases are more common, mostly unilateral, and can be located in any part of the fundus. Macular defects are most common, with superior central vision, and other aspects are similar to typical cases.

Causes of Disease

It is often related to incomplete closure of the embryonic fissure during the development of the early embryonic eye.

Choroidal coloboma is closely related to our embryonic development stage, so pregnant women must pay attention to their health. We must be more careful about daily diet and fetal care. In order to avoid a continued increase in the number of such patients, pregnant women can undergo regular physical examinations and use medical technology to detect the health of the embryo.

2What are the symptoms of choroiditis?

Choroiditis, also known as posterior uveitis, can occur alone because the choroidal blood vessels originate from the short posterior ciliary arteries. So what are the symptoms of choroiditis? The following will give you a detailed introduction. At the same time, I sincerely wish you good health and a happy life.

Symptoms of choroiditis

1. Symptoms

Focal choroiditis located at the equator and in front of the macula may be completely asymptomatic, or may only cause black shadows to float in front of the eyes; diffuse chorioretinitis located at the posterior pole, especially involving the macular area, in addition to black shadows, may also cause visual distortion, dark spots, flashes and/or varying degrees of central vision loss.

2. Physical signs

① Early stage: vitreous opacities, the opacities are composed of lymphocytes and fibrin, and are in the shape of stars, filaments, Faeries, and snowballs.

②Acute phase: Focal or disseminated yellow-white exudative lesions with unclear boundaries and varying sizes can be seen in the fundus, and the lesions are located under the retinal blood vessels. Retinal edema at the site of the lesion. Diffuse choroiditis does not show isolated lesions, but rather is manifested by widespread retinal edema, retinal vascular filling, and a large amount of inflammatory exudates in the vitreous. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed destruction of the choroidal retinal barrier and obvious fluorescein leakage.

③ Scar stage: The fundus shows clear lesion boundaries, yellow-white or gray-white in color, pigment spots can be seen inside the lesions, which are surrounded by pigments to form old lesions. Due to the different degrees of damage to the choroidal blood vessels and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy caused by the lesions, some fundi have a brown-red sunset-like appearance, while some large lesions expose thick choroidal blood vessels and white scleral tissue.